Mgx Assignment

Negotiated Agreements/eliminative/Protective Techniques of Long-term Strategies ill. Use of Personal Relationships lb. Proactive Strategies 1 OFF it. Development Introduction The world of business is becoming overcrowded every day, and companies have to develop strategies on a global basis. Political, legal, cultural and economic circumstances vary significantly around the world. Even though investing in an international market may require intensive capital, the reward of such a business ay be enormous.The sale of products and services in another country enables the company to increase its sales, expand the products life cycle, improve brand recognition, and reduce the risks of operating in a single market (Hill, 2009). Before choosing a foreign country for business, numerous aspects have to be considered. For instance, one must consider the nature of politics in that country as well as the political risks involved. Political risks entail the hazardous impacts that political events o r decisions may have on a business. Such risks range from corruption, tax laws, and protests to wars.To manage these risks, companies must carry out comprehensive research beforehand. Some countries may be extremely conservatives while others may be easy to do business (Harrison, 2009). This paper will examine the political aspects affecting entry into an emerging country in comparison to entry into a less developed country. Special attention will be given to Brazil and Bangladesh. Political Aspects Related to Brazil There are different political systems in Brazil that are likely to affect business. To certain extent, these risks subject the country's investors and their investment at take.An examination of Brazier's political environment indicates that Brazil is a federal republic made up of 26 states and a capital district. It has a dynamic multi- party system of government with twenty parties represented within its congress, this is to suggest that it is a democratic state. The q uality and effectiveness of the government services and infrastructure are continuously being improved by the government Jeffrey, 2011). Despite the massive improvements that have been witnessed in Brazil, the country still grapples with corruption related risks that may hinder business.These cases were most prevalent during the reign of the former president Luis Niacin â€Å"Lull† Dad Silva. After taking office in 2002, the president was instrumental in improving the country's poor economic condition. However, scandals tainted his presidency especially in 2007 when it was discovered that government officials were participating in trade of municipal properties. Political protests are a common sight in the streets of key cities in Brazil. This is usually done by local groupings pushing for certain agendas to be addressed by the government.Such protestors' tendency to involve violence, looting and destruction of property. For instance, Brazil witnessed a considerable number of protests against ALCOA which intended to set up a hydroelectric power plant in the country in 2004. The protests were sparked by the environmental groups who wanted the company to consider mitigating environmental damages in its project (Hill, 2009). Another risk of doing businesses in Brazil is that of rampant police brutality and gang violence. It is estimated that approximately 50,000 homicides are reported every year in the country.It is also alleged that the police are often behind numerous extra judicial executions. This has tainted the image of what is by far one of the most prominent economies in Latin America (Hefted, 2007). While the country presents numerous reasons that defend its position as a strong market, entry requires extensive research and planning. Regardless of the company's consideration, be it acquisitions or restructuring, it needs to understand the strategic and fiscal impact of such decisions and the fore mentioned implementation risks.Appreciating where th e opportunities and risks are positioned, the size of each opportunity and what opponents are doing will arm the company with the confidence to enter the Brazilian arrest (Derek, 2006). Political Aspects Related to Bangladesh Like Brazil, Bangladesh has also experienced massive growth in its political systems. For instance, the country has witnessed the transition of power to democratically elected leaders. Despite this significant change, there are still confrontational tendencies within the political front.In 2007, for instance, the government was forced to declare a state of emergency after the opposition protested against the ruling presidency of Sheik Hessian Waged. This has, over the course of time, had negative repercussions on foreign business growth (Theodore, 010). Moreover, party politics between the opposition Bangladesh Nationalists Party (BAN) and Bangladesh Miami League (AL) remain rife. It seems neither of the two can back down from confrontations on how to run the g overnment. The ongoing trails on war crimes too catalyst the political unrests.In fact, these tribunals still have a long way to go before issue of verdicts. However, the courts already issued the first ruling which is expected to stabilize the political air. This goes a distance to remove the fear that Psalmists wars could have begun. The political climate is relatively tense for doing business. Recent cases of violence have been reported in areas around Southeast Chitchatting. Such violence is characterized by ethnic clashes between those in support of a democratic regime and those who desire the status quo to remain. The political risk is further heightened by a high level of poverty and inflation.It is estimated that roughly one in every three Bangladesh is afflicted with abject poverty. Moreover, thousands demonstrate in the streets against the arrest of their trade-union leader. Significantly, the government loses grip of maintaining law and order hence scaring off possible in vestors. It is no doubt that a country that lacks democratic systems and effective leadership is bound to repel economic growth. Political risks play a significant role of barring investors from investing in the country for fear that their businesses would be at stake.This comparison has shown the aspects of doing business in both Brazil and Bangladesh. Over the past decade, Brazil has become a progressively attractive and profitable market for international companies. More companies are seen to shift their focus on this emerging economy. Entering Brazil is good, however it's not easy cause of the immense competition and the availability of business know-how among other reasons (Peabody, 2005). On the other hand, Bangladesh is a less developed country whose economy major depends on the garments industry.Entry into this country is relatively easy because government restrictions are not deterrent to foreign business. All the same, Brazil is a favorite of many because of the immense po tential for profitability. Regardless of a relatively splendid performance in the last two decades, the Bangladesh economy is plagued with numerous structural weaknesses, which are yet to be addressed. Some of the significant issues include an incapacitated public sector, intellectualized financial sector, lack of export diversification, poor infrastructure, and pervasive corruption (Scheme, 2004).The failure of the government to address these long-standing problems has adversely affected the investment environment. On the other hand, Brazier's problems are on a lower scale, and the government is seen to put structures in place in order to develop all of its sectors. Compared to Brazil, Bangladesh is a poor economy characterized by a vast population living in rural areas. The main economic activity is agriculture armament manufacturing, but many businesses are seen to shift into the service and production industries. The case of Brazil is that of relative advancement.The country has a mature democracy, sustainable infrastructure and relative ease of doing business. Overcoming Political Risks Multi-national companies wishing to invest in the foreign market must develop long-term strategies based on intensive market research. They must be able to exercise their existing position relatively well and ensure they maximize on their experience in order to succeed. Depending on existing strategies, companies should insider entering into a venture arrangement with the local representatives or distributors.This is cheaper and will be made easier if the venture company operates the same business. However, any contract agreement should include terms that permit for local production through a Joint venture, an acquisition, or a new plant. Additionally, when entering through these avenues, companies should always embark on a due diligence assessment and channel analysis. This will go a long way in managing any potential political risks (Guppy, 2006). The use of existing adv antages within the multinational company will enable it to have a bargaining rower over the foreign nation.This will work well with corporations who have large economies of scale that can enable them to influence key business decisions in the host country (Hill, 2009). An entry strategy that maximizes on the use of personal relationships will auger well with any foreign situation. Many foreign companies are known to license distributors or dealers to represent their products and services on a non-exclusive or exclusive basis. As these companies become more ascertained in multinational company gains immense power ensuring that the host country doesn't interfere with its affairs.This is referred to as an integrative technique. Another choice that may minimize political risk would be the operation companies from distant offices situated in politically stable countries either in Southeast Asia or India. The whole company or a part of it may be operated remotely (Hefted, 2007). This is r egarded as a protective technique. On other occasions, a multinational corporation may foresee certain future hardships while operating in a foreign country. In this case, it will be crucial to adopt a proactive approach to manage these risks.This strategy entails the use of campaign financing and intensive lobbying to push the host government towards handling the foreseen adversities. By so doing, the impact of those risks will be reduced before they reach the company. Managing political risks requires the use of negotiated agreements that involve all the necessary stakeholders. For instance, ALCOA managed its risks by agreeing to terms demanded by the protestors. This included an agreement to compensate all citizens who were resettled following the launch of the hydroelectric project.Similarly, they adopted the use of environmental consultants to assist in the taxation of environmental damage (Hefted, 2007). Similarly, cases of corruption and economic risks may be managed through the hiring of transparent agencies or via diversification of products to other countries. However, sometimes the multinational company may consider withdrawing altogether if the terms are too hostile. Conclusion In conclusion, it is fundamental to note that any decision to enter into international business must be accompanied by an assessment of the potential risks and threats. Political factors form the most crucial part of this assessment.This is rue because the political environment of any country has the potential to influence how business is carried out (Itchy, 2010). Given Brazier's financial stability and immense support from the state, many investors are streaming into the country. Bangladesh, on the other hand, still lurks behind in terms of political maturity and economic growth. It requires a new company to adopt various entry methods in order to remain viable. Nonetheless, by identifying and managing key elements that influence foreign trade, like political risks, new co mpanies are likely to flourish. Adler, N. (2008).

Cognitive development and Aging Paper Essay

As people age their bodies go through a lot of changes physically as well as psychologically. As humans age normally they undergo changes in their brain which affect cognitive functioning and development. Each person is different so the age-related changes in the structure of the brain and in its function as well as in cognition and cognitive domains are not uniform across the whole brain, nor are the uniform across individuals. This means that some of the changes that a person goes through due to aging another person may not experience. The two basic cognitive functions that are affected most by a person aging is attention and memory (Glisky, 2007). The thing that a person needs to know is that memory and attention are not unitary functions; there are multiple parts to both functions some of which may not be affected by a person aging while others are affected. According to the Glisky (2007), perception in a person as the person ages declines due to declining sensory capacities whic h can impact the cognitive functions later in a person. Perception is a person’s senses such as touch, sight, taste, and smells which is why some people believe that it is actually a precognition function. According to Anderson (2010), perception is the sensory experience of the world around individuals which involve recognition of environmental stimuli as well as actions in response to the stimuli. What this means is that as a person goes through life they recognize things such as sounds, smells, people, etc. and they react accordingly to these things based on their perceptions of them. When this function starts to decline with a person’s age the person starts to lose the ability to recognize things. Attention is a basic cognitive process but a complex one that has multiple sub-processes for different aspects of attention processes (Glisky, 2007). Attention is involved in almost all of the other cognitive domains in some way or another, up until a person starts to preform automatic or habitual  behaviors. Up until the time a person is completely tasks or behaviors that have become habit, such as knowing how much milk to put into a person’s coffee, then attention is inv olved in nearly all aspects. This means that as a person starts to age and their attention begins to decline there are broad-reaching effects that take place to a person’s ability to function efficiently and adequately in daily life (Glisky, 2007). Of attention divided attention has shown to have a significant decline in performance when linked with a person’s increase of age, especially when the tasks people are being asked to complete become more complex. According to Anderson (2010), as adults age significant impairments become apparent on their attentional tasks especially those requiring the person to divide or switch attention among different tasks or multiple inputs. While older adults tend to be slower on performance tasks then younger adults they are not impaired by distraction being able to maintain concentration for a concentrated period of time. According to Anderson (2010), older adults tend to show impairment on task which requires flexible control of attention, a cognitive function associated with the frontal lobes of the brain. What this means that if a person has to have attention divided among two or more processes or the person needs to switch attention from one thing to another in older adults this fu nction may become more impaired and less easy for the older adults to perform. A task like driving which requires the person to have attention focused on several different things becomes difficult for the adult to perform adequately. Memory is another process of cognitive functioning that may become impaired as a person gets older. According to Glisky (2007), memory is a multidimensional cognitive construct that is believed to be a fundamental source of age-related deficits in a variety of cognitive tasks such as long-term memory LTM, problem-solving, language, and decision making. All of these tasks are listed under working memory which is a limited capacity system that is relatively short-term and is responsible for active manipulation of information being maintained currently in attention. This means that working memory is taking the information that a person has at attention and processing the information into a short limited memory while the person needs it. Tasks such as making decisions, solving problems, and even the process of planning behaviors to achieve goals are all tasks that may be affected by aging as a person finds it’s harder to  actively manipulate and organize information in working m emory. According to Glisky (2007), aging specifically affects episodic memory, or more specifically events or experiences from a person’s past. Memories of past events though the person believes that they are fully intact may actually just be general core information but lacks in details of the event or experience that took place. Additionally, processes like encoding and retrieval of memory, or context of information, demands attentional resources that may be lacking. An older adult might find that they are unable to process information into memory, having a harder time retrieving things from memory, and are unable to process context of memory such as if they read it somewhere or were a part of the actual event. The aging process of a person impacts the person’s cognitive abilities greatly. Age-related changes though not universal among every person may affect a person’s cognitive functioning and domains greatly. Deficits and declines happen during the aging process in individuals which accounts for the slowed or impaired processes in older individuals. Much of the cognitive functioning that has been studied and shows decline is in attention and memory of individuals. The thing that a person needs to know is that memory and attention are not unitary functions; there are multiple parts to both functions some of which may not be affected by a person aging while others are affected. There is still much information that needs to be studied for a better understanding into the cognitive processes as they relate to aging. References Anderson, J. R. (2010). Cognitive psychology and its implications (7th ed.). New York, NY: Worth Publishers Glisky, E. (2007). Brain Aging: Models, Methods, and Mechanisms.. Bethesda, MD: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Why countries find it so difficult to agree climate change targets Coursework

Why countries find it so difficult to agree climate change targets. You should also offer potential solutions to the barriers that you identify - Coursework Example tes) while in the quest of strengthening their respective economic muscles, this has ensued to the present day’s adverse environmental effects (Berger, 2010). For instance, in Ukraine where climate change has adversely affected agriculture through persistent droughts (Lagutov, 2012, p. 78). Consequently, these droughts have yielded to crops’ failure, which in turn prompts the entire region’s populations experience food insecurity. This is a grievous predicament as the state’s economy somehow wholly relies on agriculture. Conversely, some scholars have contended climate alterations experienced in the region are favorable but not all parts of the entire state (Lagutov, 2012). Similarly, alteration in climate has led to heightened temperature levels in Japan leading to augmenting of Japan’s unnecessary morbidity and mortality (Ford & Berrang-Ford, 2011, p. 190). This is due to heat waves mainly associated with varied illnesses, which could have not bee n in existence if there were effective measures to shun climate degradation. Some of the illnesses associated with this climate mishap commonly experienced include cramps and heat exhaustion whereby the latter with delayed attention graduates to heatstroke, which augments the state’s mortality (Ford & Berrang-Ford, 2011). These alterations are adverse to numerous people especially those may be experiencing other chronic maladies. This is because extent of worsening of a given malady normally depends on one’s physical strength (Ford & Berrang-Ford, 2011). This is quite evident based on incidents that to date have remained in the annals of history as most grievous occurrences ever occurred and whose effects are still felt presently by varied life forms. These mishaps embrace Deepwater Horizon oil spill (Mexico), Chernobyl (Ukraine), Fukushima and Sayano-Shushenskaya power station (Russia) though some of the respective states contend their occurrence was due to inescapabl e structural failures. In the case of

Computer Aided Manufacturing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Computer Aided Manufacturing - Essay Example The automation of machine tools using CAM can be used both in the production of small batches and large batches each of them offering its own set of advantages and disadvantages. The CAM Process The CAM process uses the same set of tools except that the computer applications have been linked to the manufacturing process to automate it fully. CAM is used extensively in NC, CNC machines. The NC system consists of the part program, MCU or machine unit and the tool. The machine control units have a number of degrees of freedom to facilitate better flexibility in construction. (Chris Voss, 1986) These include (i) Flexibility in tools used for locating purposes. Source: Singh N, 1996, CAM operations (ii) The different cutting speeds and the rate of feed of the product are also important contributions to the CAM (iii) The cooling pump also works in sync with the machining process and directs the cooling fluent very effectively to the work area. The control system in a NC (CAM) machine regul ates the actual work done during operations and by it effective system of feedback negates any error that might arise during the manufacturing operations. (Rao.P.N, 1998) This can be described using a simple diagram used below Singh N, 1996, Control system The diagram shows the spindle which holds the cutting tool. A number of stepper motors is located to provide motion in each direction. Reduction gears are in place to allow the motors to be driven at required speeds. A tacho-generator put in place also provides the rpm of the cutting tool. (Singh N, 1996) Using the optical encoder which has a high resolution of close to 3500/revolution it senses the location of the motors and generates a feedback regarding the amount of positive or negative error of the tool with respect to its position from the desired location. This feedback facilitates an output which adjusts the tool by the required amount thereby maintaining accuracy of the process. Apart from these, the other significant adv antages include (i) It offers a greater flexibility in design since minor changes can be incorporated in the design phase. (Singh N, 1996) (ii) The production is of a higher scale. (iii) Manufacturing Flexibility by re-routing product lines. (iv) The initial setup time or lead time is also greatly reduced. Advantages and Disadvantages of CAM in batch production 1. Production of small batches The advantages of using CAM in production of small batches is that (i) The amount of capital that needs to be invested initially is less. (ii) The manufacturer is given more time to work on the product and hence the software can be tinkered with to generate an optimum designed product. (Tanner J.P, 1991) Source: Rao.P.N, 1998, Yamazaki Mazak Corp having a 5-axis machining operation (iii) Meeting deadlines are relatively easy since the number of components manufactured is low in number. (iv) Although the initial investment for CAM is high, the production line can be stopped without any difficulty if the product is not working well in the market. The same CAM system can again be utilised to redesign the product. (Gardezi Syed et al, 2000) (v) Since a continuous line of products need not be generated, the production can be reduced during off season and picked up when there is demand or a custom made request for a particular product. (vi) It facilitates the incorporation of the Just in Time Technology (JIT) into the manufacturing process. This is a method that has

Arizona statehood Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Arizona statehood - Essay Example Wanting to return to Spain, de Vaca turned him down, and Marcos turned to Estevanico for help, letting him go ahead of him. Francisco Vasquez led an invading army of Spaniards, looking for the mythical gold cities, the following year (AZ Big Media, 2011). However, Coronado made it only as far as Kansas before turning back, his only major discovery being the Grand Canyon. For the next 250 years, from 1540-1810, the Spaniards ruled Arizona, considering it a desert land that was worthless and left its natives alone (The Robinson Library, 2012). It was referred to as New Spain’s Pimeria Alta colony. However, silver and gold were soon discovered and they began expanding their influence by moving in that area. Arizona’s name comes from Spaniard owned silver mines. Father Kino who was an Italian priest came along with the Spaniards and was the most famous European at this time. Father Kino was instrumental in bringing new farming methods and education. As a fierce opponent of slavery, he was hugely popular among the natives of Arizona (The Robinson Library, 2012). During his mission to bring the Southern Arizona tribes to Christianity, he established twenty-four towns and missions including Tucson. Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1810 and Arizona formed part of its territory. Some American mountain men did venture into Arizona, including Kit Carson who was the first American to travel the length of Arizona and back, but it was left alone for a while since its tribes were considered savages. America moved against Mexico in 1846 to seize land stretching from Texas down to the Pacific Ocean (e-RD, 2011). However, they had no way to get to California, which they had already established interest in before the beginning of the war. On the other hand, the Mormons had been evicted from Illinois, and they wanted to establish a colony in Utah. Therefore, they struck a deal with the US government as suppliers of labor to build a road from New Mexico to San Diego. They managed this but by using a longer route than was necessary, although this meant that they escaped the Apaches, who were known to be vicious and would have attacked them (e-RD, 2011). After, winning the Mexican war, the question turned to the drawing of the Southern border. The Northern States, which were the most dominant, wanted the line as north as possible since New Mexico and Southern Arizona was a slave friendly territory as it lay south of the line at Mason-Dixon (Facts About..., 2012). The border was thus drawn along the Gila River. Ambassador James Gadsden then travelled to Mexico with the view of making a purchase for some of Mexican territory. Mexico actually needed this money and offered the North of Mexico and Baja California. However, Congress authorized a bare minimum to regain the Mormon built road as they were afraid of adding more territory that ran slavery. According to Mexican law, native tribes had their land claims recognized but Americans only con sidered title deeds as land claims. The Apache wars lasted from 1848 to 1886 with the surrender of Geronimo after which the south of New Mexico was enjoined with the American Confederate States (Facts About..., 2012). Arizona has a unique political history. It was the first state to allow women voters, as well as the first to allow judges to be recalled. It was also the first state to let public petitions override the legislature and constitution of the state. Its recent reforms have included state

Client Letter-acc568 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Client Letter-acc568 - Assignment Example Therefore, the amount of total tax paid for international transactions of corporations depends on the manner by which deductions and incomes are sourced in the countries where the transactions are taking place. However, I will try to break down the U.S source rules for incomes and deductions. As you know, the U.S government takes these matters seriously and I have every intention of addressing all your issues expertly (Yonah, 2007). According to Dykes, with regards to taxation of source income and deductions, the U.S government adopts a taxation methodology known as the worldwide approach. As indicated by the name, the approach involves taxing the income of the globalized corporation regardless of the source of income, whether the source of the income is foreign based or locally based in the U.S. Under this methodology, your company will face the tax burden that locally based companies are subject to (Dykes, 2011). Therefore, your company will have to allocate its global capital on economic factors rather than tax considerations. In retrospect, your company will promote global efficiency in connection to capital allocation. Unfortunately, the advice your friend gave you is misinformed, but do not despair because there are ways to reduce the amount of tax that your company is going to be liable to the IRS. As per your request, there are a few ways that your company can mitigate tax impact form the U.S with regards to income sourced from foreign nations One such method is keeping active income from foreign sources in offshore locations up to the time when your company wants to repatriate the income back to the U.S. Income arising from your foreign based branch/operations is only going to be taxed until it is repatriated via dividend distributions in your U.S based head offices. This is known as deferral tax. In addition, the U.S allows companies such as yours, a tax credit for

Antitrust Practices and Market Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Antitrust Practices and Market Power - Essay Example By pairing the two together, every Windows user had a copy of the internet explorer which led to Microsoft’s victory in the market. It was clear that bundling them together had restricted the access for other browsers in the market that had to be bought. It is alleged that Microsoft used its monopoly power to favor the internet explorer over the other web browsers. In its defense, Microsoft said that merging its operating system and the Internet Explorer was as a result of fair competition and invention, and that would enable users to use the internet explorer for free. It was still clear whether the operating system and the Internet Explorer were two separate items or whether they were one piece. However, Microsoft maintained that it had made its operating system a bit more expensive, and thus it could not be said to be y free. The case focused on predatory strategies Microsoft had engaged in and a market barrier to entry as opposed to interoperability (Brinkley, 2000). The action by Microsoft to favor internet explorer over the rest of the browsers in the market violated the Sherman antitrust law section 1and 2 where Section one states that any contract that would cause restraint in trade among several states and thus the contract could be declared illegal. Section two, on the other hand, states that any company that will attempt to monopoli ze any part of trade shall be declared guilty of a felony punishable in a court of law (St.Olaf College, 2004). A monopoly is a company that has only one seller in the market who has absolute rights in a particular interest, and they are te only seller in the market thus have the right to fix the price. In most cases, the cost of entering into the market is very high thus causing a barrier to entry to new entrants. The monopoly fixes the price as consumers will still buy. There are monopolies owned by the government especially where the

Developments in Pakistan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Developments in Pakistan - Essay Example The rulers and administrators of Pakistan had a tough task in dealing with the internal squabbles and maintaining the law and order situation. Pakistan shot into international fame, not because of its achievements in the economic field, but for its terrorist leanings. Whether it supports the international terrorism or not, is a highly debatable question even today. Its leadership asserts that it does not, but India and America strongly believe that it does! The developments in Iraq, the 9/11 terrorist attacks that rattled America in the year 2001,and the subsequent rise in global terrorism, whose base is in Afghanistan and the border districts of Pakistan, has brought this country to the international scene. Due to Americas close alliance with Pakistan for strategic reasons, this country is always in the limelight for one reason for the other, during the last decade. It emerged out of isolation and is a newsworthy country in the international press. â€Å" In October 1999, Pakistanà ¢â‚¬â„¢s Chief of Army Staff Gen. Pervez Musharraf replaced Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in a bloodless coup. Following the military overthrow of an elected government, Islamabad faced considerable international opprobrium and was subjected to automatic coup-related U.S. sanctions. The September 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States and Musharraf’s ensuing withdrawal of support for the Afghan Taliban regime, however,had the effect of greatly reducing Pakistan’s international isolation.†(PDF-Pakistans....) From the point of view of policy declarations, USA avers that Pakistan is a vital ally in the international anti-terrorism coalition. USA is fully aware of the shortcomings and limitations of functioning of the Pakistans political leadership, where religious fanaticism rules the roost. USA wishes to lend a helping hand in strengthening

The Battle of Midway - A Naval Analysis Research Paper

The Battle of Midway - A Naval Analysis - Research Paper Example In essence, this combat was at Midway atoll which was a mid-pacific naval base because of the high water tower visible in the area. In the past, Japan portrayed prowess over the US navy hence making them strike any where that they chose to without seeking consent from the US navy. However, The Battle of Midway created an equal platter for the two naval entities to take deemed offensiveness on one another. With these shallow facts presented, this essay will investigate the Battle of Midway and the significance it had on the historic past of the United States. Background information Primarily, Japan had strong convictions about eliminating US control over the greater Pacific region as a way of allowing themselves to create a larger Asian sphere for prosperity. For them, taking war to the Americans meant that Japan had demoralized them through defeat as a way of gaining upper recognition in the Pacific war. As part of their plan, Japan intended to lure US aircraft fleets into a trap tha t would allow them to be occupants of Midway on US soil. This action drew influence from the Doolittle Raid that made Japan cautious that facilitated the expansion of their perimeter defense area. However, the operation failed miserably because the US navy broke Japanese naval codes that provided information on the time and location of their deliberated attack 1. In essence, Japan intended to use Midway as a potential combat location that would have furthered attacks n Islands like Fiji and Samoa. In this regard, the forewarning enabled assisted the US in their setting up of a successful ambush of four out of six aircraft carriers as a vengeance plot for their own carriers attacked by Japan. Japanese battle plan As history would present it, the attack mission was under the able leadership of Admiral Yamamoto Isoroku that focused on winning the US over as they had done to Malaya, Phillipines, and Indonesia. However, there resulted internal wrangles between the Imperial Army and the N avy that led to delayed plans for the attack. In due time, the conflict achieved solutions as Yamamoto threatened to resign citing no cooperation from their counterparts. Finally, the two war agencies adopted his hatched plan to the latter. Essentially, Yamamoto was for the idea of destroying US aircraft forces as the country served as the primary hurdle to conquering the pacific. Moreover, the heightening of this concern drew influence from the Doolittle Raid of April 18, 1942 where US targets bombed Japanese cities. From this attack, the Japanese viewed American carriers as merciless threats as they were able to penetrate their territory with ease that tormented the Japanese psychologically. In his attack plan, Yamamoto intended to knock down defenses that existed in Midway and then establish a Japanese owned airbase there. The plan included an assault attack led by Deputy Admiral Nagumo Chuichi and his aircraft carrier from the North West. This would have weakened the forces of d efense in Midway to facilitate a strike on US warships. Next in the battle aircraft line would be a battleship with Admiral Yamamoto on-board who was to be the heavy Ferrier of gun powder essential for the war. Additionally, vice admiral Kondo Nobutake was to come from the southwestern and the western side whose role in the battle of Midway was to secure the area

Synthesis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Synthesis - Research Paper Example The Serpent of Paradise was written by Edward Abbey. And in this work he focuses on his experience like a park ranger in the south-eastern Utah’s Arches National Monument. The most important themes of Edward Abbey are- exploitation’s of pristine environment by the tourists and People’s kinship towards the animals. The Themes Present in the Works: â€Å"The deliverance considered as the engaging, suspenseful, full of fast-paced mystery and beautiful prose describing the natural environment that will soon be destroyed by a power company’s dam† (Cusatis p.110). The main theme of Deliverance is that of the survival in the nature against its overpowering odds. And the main themes that are present in the Serpents of Paradise are- exploitation’s of pristine environment by the tourists and People’s kinship towards the animals. Some of the other themes as present in the Most Dangerous game are; Arrogance: Rainsford, an arrogant animal hunter an d he have no pain or fear. And Zaroff, another arrogant hunter and he feel that in order to entertain himself, he should hunt humans. Violence: It relates to the behavior of characters towards each other and also towards the surrounding animals. Degradation of man: â€Å"The final and most prevalent theme is the Degradation of Man† (Marin p.5). It deals with the degradation of man from being a mere animal hunter to being a hunter of man and the changes from being hunter to that of a murderer. The Common Themes in these Works: While comparing the works of The Deliverance, The Serpents of Paradise and The Most Dangerous Game; we can find a common theme which is present in all these works i.e., the attitude of humans towards the nature. Man’s struggle and survival in the wilderness. All these works focus on this particular theme and the author portrays this theme with various incidents In Deliverance, James Dickey represents the theme in such a way that before the journey starts, the three among the four travellers does not have any experience in the journey through the forest. Lewis Medlock who is one among the four is a survivalist and seasoned outdoorsmen who really plans the journey and guides the group. The centerpiece of the novel is that of the sexual assault and the attack by two mountaineers in the river bank and which leads to a sequence of murder. During the journey they faced a lot of conflicts from the nature and from men. And they struggled a lot to overcome these difficulties that is, during their canoe ride they confronted with the Rough River and also they confronted a conflict with the two hillbillies. Even though one among the four died and they tried to have a struggle with the local men in the wood and they were able to escape from it. All these incidents show that man struggles for survival and they all learn an experience from this journey. In the beginning of the story, Ed was lacking the knowledge about the nature and after facing all the difficulties through the journey, their attitude toward the journey have changed a lot and they consider nature as more powerful and as a result they opinioned that respect should be given to the nature. In the Serpents of Paradise by Edward Abbey, he is viewing the Arches national park as wilderness. This work gives the

Modern public life Essay Example for Free

Modern public life Essay Modern Public life could not exist or function properly without the Media In this essay I will be discussing the above statement and arguing that without Media, modern public life could not exist. I will first explain some key terms to help in the argument including explaining the meaning of the term Public Life. According to the Collins Dictionary The Public is people in general or the people of a particular place. Public is used to talk about the feelings and behaviours of people in general. If someone is a public figure or is in public life, they are well known. Public is used to talk about things being said or done so that everyone can hear them or see them. What is meant by the term Public Life is a space where a body of people can come together to discuss issues relating to their group. These groups can be very small like a book club or large like the United Nations and they can discuss anything from the latest Bryce Courtney novel to world peace. Geoffrey Craig in his book The Media Politics and Public Life explains the concept of public life as: .. A body of people within a society and a domain within which debate about that society occurs The public is also a subject, and people come together as a public in modern times when they engage in readings of the events, the stories and the debates that circulate in the society. (2002. P49) Public life occurs where private issues are brought to the attention of the general public through the use of the media. Without out the media it would be private life, not public life. Media, as defined by the Collins dictionary is the plural of medium which is a means of communicating or teaching something. When we talk about the media we do not just use traditional forms of media like newspapers, television and radio but we also use other forms of media like movies, the internet, transnationals companies and communication technologies. All of these forms of media are sites where the meanings of public life are played out, debated and evaluated. Our everyday lives could not function properly without the media. Media is a drug that we cannot live in a democratic society without. We listen to the radio on the way to work to hear the traffic reports and to know where the multi-novas are hidden. When election time comes, we cant invite John Howard round for dinner to discuss his policies so we rely on the media to show us them through television radio and newspapers. When a cyclone is coming our way, how do we know to lock up the house or leave town? The media inform us. Even the very early smoke signals were a form of media, a form of communication. It is important to stress here that there is no way that public life could function without the use of the media as the understandings of our society, the norms and values of the world in which we live are the products of living in a mediated world. We as a public only ever see the representations of a breaking story through the television or in the paper. We rely on the media to tell us breaking stories that are happening around the world because of our geographical locations. John Hartley (1992 P1) has noted: while [the public domain and the public] dont exist as spaces and assemblies, the public realm and the public are still to be found, large as life in the media. Television, popular newspapers, magazines and photography, the popular media of the modern period, are the public domain, the place where and the means by which the public is crated and has its being. In talking about public life we must clarify the notion of having a public sphere. By public sphere we mean any activities that occur in the public eye or that is brought to the attention of the public through the media. Habermas argues that the original public spheres originated with the early Bourgeois movement in the tea houses, libraries and reading societies in England. It was here where people gathered to discuss issues concerning their lives and the society in which they lived. What made this a public sphere was that the people were all gathered in one place discussing issues that were relevant to them. Although this was regarded as one of the original democracies that were a voice for the people, Habermas also understood that the early tea house publics were not totally representative of the communities for which they were fighting for. In the early days women were not included in the tea house discussions, also, only a certain class of people were allowed to enter the tea houses and those that could not read would not need to go to reading houses or libraries. Of course those that could not travel to these public events had no said either. This limited the voice of the people to only those that were upper-class, well educated men that could travel. This was not representative of the wider communities. The next stage in the evolution of public life was when the printing presses made literature available to the mass public. This literature was free from state control and was the newest site for public life to be played out on. Of course if you were illiterate the medium was useless but for those that could read and had access to the literature a new public was formed. The reading public was not tied by geographical restrictions. The development of film was again a new medium that with it brought a new public. By now we have to understand that there are a huge amount of publics that all have their own issues to debate. A person can be part of a number of publics at one time. She may be a single mother, working at the supermarket, she is part of the conservative party, is a part of a sci-fi reading club, she buys Thai cooking books, buys red wine and goers to wineries, is part of a mothers group at day care, has a network of other single friends on the internet and is part of a union at work. All of these publics want very specific things and all lobby for different things, the private issues become public when they are played out through the different types of media. Without the media the issues would not be brought into the public spotlight and would likely not be resolved. It is essential to point out that modern public life is played out through our media consumption and not through our everyday experiences. We collectively watched the September 11 attacks through our televisions, listened to the disaster unfold on our radios and read about and saw the pictures of the devastation in newspapers. Without these sites we would not have experienced it at all. This highlights the fact that we rely on the media to get information that would not readily be available to us. Peter Dahlgren argues that the public sphere is not just a marketplace for ideas or an information exchange depot but also a major societal mechanism for the production and circulation of culture. This idea of the media framing culture is very important because it gives the media great power to give meaning to our identities. Culture, which consist of ideas, customs, norms, values and attitudes are shared by the people of a particular country. Campaigns that promote a type of culture are often produced by government and portrayed through various media outlets. Popular campaigns that frame our culture are the domestic violence ad Australia says NO to domestic violence and the drink driving campaign, that enforce that fact that those things are going against our culture and that that type of behaviours is not accepted. These campaigns are dependant on the media getting the message out there. The main media technologies that are responsible for the communication of public news are television, radio and print and these all function as journalism. These are seen as the most trustworthy sources of information as they are governed by laws that protect privacy, defamation and the use of misleading information. Journalisms main role is to seek the truth and tell the masses. Although these forms of media are self regulated (to be free of outside influence) their guidelines that journalists have to abide by are strict to keep the freedom to self regulate. Television is the most powerful mass medium and is an absolute must in every household. In my house alone there are four televisions and there are only 2 people living there. A productivity commission report found that Australias spend over 20 hours per week or 36% of their leisure time watching television(Productivity Commission 200, P62). The ability to actually see an event or person and hear them speak makes television the most trustworthy of the media outlets. Politicians often measure the success of a campaign on the presentation of their image/policy/media events. Although television has taken over from the print media as the most popular type of news media, many argue that the print media are the most influential mass medium for political debate. Agenda setting for the day is mostly done by the quality morning newspapers. Newspapers are often more detailed in their dissemination of public life because they are not restricted by the time factor that is TV. Radio is the secret weapon in the fight for a public life. The radio doesnt have the ability to show the audience an event or doesnt even give them a chance to read about an issue but it is the most pervasive forms of media as it can be listened to whilst driving or doing the housework. Politicians often use talkback radio as a direct link to the public. It is often the closet the general public will get to speaking with high profile players. Because the media is the chief agency to communicate public life and the world that we know is based on the representations of the media, there is much scrutiny placed on the authenticity of the stories that are shown to us. In Australia there are laws that ensure that one source does not have monopoly over the content of our media, Australias former prime minister Paul Keating put it best when he said that the cross ownership laws meant you could be a prince of print or a queen of screen but not both. This means that one person will not be in control of all of the media of our country and so a true representation of societys issues would be presented by the media. Again without the media, Australia would not be able to be a democratic society and have a public life. Through many different sites issues and events are played out and become open to the scrutiny of the general public. These different issues and events create discussion between the people that read or hear about them and this is what is meant by a public life. People that are hundreds of miles away from each other can be discussing the same issues without even having to talk to one another. These systems of communication enable us to live in a democratic society, a society where we can chose who leads us in government and we can discuss issues relating to our society. This would not happen if wasnt for the role of the media. Without the media to portray issues and events we would never hear about a sale on in the city or about governmental policy that is set to affect us all. Public life as we know it would not be able to function properly without the media. References Craig, Geoffrey. Chapter 1, 2 and 3. The Media, Politics and Public Life. Victoria: Allen and Unwin, 2004. Cunningham, Stuart and Graeme Turner. The Media and Communications in Australia. St Leonards, Sydney: Allen and Unwin, 2002. Dahlgren, Peter. Television and the Public Sphere: Citizenship, Democracy and the Media. London: Sage, 1995 Grossberg, Lawrence, Ellen Wartella and D. Charles Whitney. The Media and the Public. Media Making: Mass Media in a Popular Culture. Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage, 1998. 357-374 Habermas, Jurgen. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into the Category of Bourgeois Society. Trans, T. Burger. Cambridge: Polity, 1992. Scannell, Paddy. Public service broadcasting and modern public life Media, Culture and Society. 11(1989):135-166. Thompson, John. The Media and the Development of the Modern Societies The Media and Modernity. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995. 44-69 Wark, McKenzie. Celebrities, culture and cyberspace: the light on the hill in a post-modern world. Sydney: Pluto Press, 1999. 128-136 http://malagigi. cddc. vt. edu/pipermail/icernet/2004-January/002743. html http://www. zip. com. au/~athornto/thesis2. htm http://www. gseis. ucla. edu/faculty/kellner/kellner. html.

Mexican Americans in American Popular Culture Essay Example for Free

Mexican Americans in American Popular Culture Essay It is a known fact that modern entertainment media created certain images and stereotypes of Latin, Asian and other ethnic minorities living in our country. American cinema movies, TV series or even PC games mostly picture the members of Latin and Mexican cultures as aggressive tempered mustached guys, who smoke and fight a lot, and who are always involved in drug distribution or some criminal activities. This tendency had very negative effects on our minds, and many of our citizens are convinced that there are no educated, good-mannered and decent people in Mexican communities. I was always wondering why it happens this way, and studying some historic material, including the articles from the site Digital History, helped me to find some answers on this question. This tendency proved to have a long history and it was formed during the second and the third decades of the twentieth century, when Hollywood producers started expressing their concern and fears caused by the afflux of talented Mexican actors, including Lupe Velez or Dolores Del Rio, their success and public recognition in the US. That is why many performers of Latin origin were given the roles of bandits, thieves and other not attractive characters. After the World War II a number of movies were produced, in which the directors tried to restore the image of Mexican Americans, but after the 1960s, when the problems of illegal immigration from the South became topical, caricaturizing the Mexicans continued. During the last decades, negative characters of Hispanic origin have been appearing in many popular cinema movies or TV series, starting from Chico and the Man and ending with 24. Also, a great contribution to reinforcing the distorted images of the Mexicans was made by a series of popular video games Grand Theft Auto (GTA). In my opinion, this situation is really dejecting, and I am convinced that recent attempts of Mexican artists to demonstrate their true cultural identity and unique distinctive heritage must be supported in our society, and their ethnic voices must be heard.

Physical Developments in Adolescence

Physical Developments in Adolescence Introduction Adolescence occurs at different ages for different cultures, while generally considered to be between the ages of 13-18 it is actually the developmental stage in a humans life cycle between childhood and adulthood. During this time the body undergoes many changes quite rapidly much akin to infancy, where drastic growth takes place in a small period of time, however it is less obvious just how much is going on in adolescence. Puberty causes a great many changes as the bodies development of secondary sexual characteristics begins to take place, the brain changes which leads to expanded cognition and streamlined neural pathways. The new developments in the brain cause an influx of hormones into the body which sets off many of these changes, the physical growth has many socioemotional affects as well. These developments impact the childs learning directly through the changes to its brain and indirectly due to socioemotional changes that puberty can have on a child. The implication of the se changes must be taken into account when planning classes and teaching strategies for secondary school students who are going through puberty and in the midst of adolescence. Milestones: The key development during adolescence is puberty. Adolescence can be different depending on culture but is broadly defined as the period between childhood and adulthod as defined my Duchene and McMaugh in Educational Psychology for Learning and Teaching 5th edition. Puberty is the biological changes associated with sexual maturity as defined my Duchene and McMaugh in Educational Psychology for Learning and Teaching 5th edition. Males and females present different physiological changes during puberty and adolescence. Puberty normally starts during adolescence, usually around the age of 13, however it can occur earlier. Females can often start puberty at an earlier age than males. Limbs grow quickly at the start of puberty which can consequentially lead to clumsiness Both sexes experience an increase in height and weight which is followed by menarche in females and semenarche in males. Menarche is the first menstruation in females and semenarche is the first ejaculation of males. The start of puberty in girls is marked by a drastic increase in height and weight along with the start of breast development, there is a 40% increase in body fat by the end of these changes. Males start puberty by having changes occur to the testes and scrotum, this is followed by the appearance of pubic hair and the growth of the penis. Later during pubertal growth in males, the height and weight changes occur, there is a significant increase in muscle, far more than occurs in females who instead develop more body fat. Towards the end of pubertal development males undergo further changes, the larynx lengthens and their voice deepens, facial hair becomes more abundant. The brain undergoes several changes during adolescence that occur with the onset of puberty. Nerve cells called neurons that are responsible for transmitting and storing information within the brain. Neurons transmit information along axons, jumping a synapse via a chemical neurotransmitter before continuing on to another neuron. By the time a human reaches adulthood it has only half the neurons that it generated through its developmental stages. Some neurons die off and others are pruned, the brain has produced man more neurons and synapses than what are needed, this removes the clutter allowing for faster and more efficient transmission of information along with the space for new connections between neurons to be made. The neural connections that are left and used often undergo a process called myelination which is where an axon is coated in an insulating fatty sheath that greatly increases the speed of information transmission. The use it or lose it approach as stated by geidd, where whatever the child is doing and learning through repetition will become stronger in the brain while unused or less used neural pathways may eventually be pruned. During adolescence, the prefrontal cortex is still developing, it will not complete growth until sometime in the third decade of life, maybe not until 25 years of age. Reward centres of the brain are activated early in the adolescent developmental stage. The late development of the pre-frontal cortex and its linking to the amygdala can lead to risk taking behaviour. The rise in melatonin in the brain during development will change the sleeping patterns in adolescence, adolescents will require more sleep or can suffer from memory loss. The amygdala is responsible for emotional memories and learning, it is also plays a part in the fear response. The hippocampus is important to recent memories, helping sort the when, where and what of events. Implications: Due to the emotional memory centres being more prominent in adolescence it means that teachings that emotionally resonate with students will stick with them easier. Lessons that have meaning or cause emotional responses are best. The changes in height and weight along with sedentary lifestyles of teenagers can lead to obesity, encouraging healthy eating habits and physical exercise can help combat this. The lengthening of limbs and enlarging of hands and feet leads to clumsiness, growth of secondary physical sexual characteristics such as breasts, facial hair and lengthening of the larynx (causing the voice to break), acne and the increase in complex thought and emotional depth can lead to many adolescents becoming very self-conscious. Teachers should be very careful not to make students feel self-aware or picked on as any damage to self-image or feelings of being singled out will be felt very keenly. Due to the development of the hippocampus and the link between it and the prefrontal cortex leads to an increased amount of things that can be held in mind at once. This means teachers can give learners easily digestible chunks of information and they should be able to hold them in mind to apply them to topics. Due to the self awareness direct competitions between students should be discouraged. However sports and physical exercise is important and is inheritabntly competitive, the exercise should be promoted but our best to keep students spirits up. Team building exercises both on the sports field and in the classroom are important to allow students to use their newly developed brains to focus Pedagogical strategy Due to the many drastic changes that adolescence undergo it is important to implement strategies that help them become comfortable with these changes and use knowledge of them to maximise a students learning. Due to the changes in the brain in adolescence students will want to develop a sense of self, take part in their learning and have contact with their peers. All of these things are useful to help teenagers become accustomed to working with others, expressing themselves and grow their confidence, however, student directed learning can be chaotic so planning and control needs to be paramount. The developments in body and brain can lead to students being self-conscious and to question themselves, it is important to make sure that any teaching strategy does not put students in competition with each other. The teacher will give a topic or theory to guide the class, study groups then enable the children to have freedom to grow and form their own opinions. Breaking students up into small groups to talk over ideas and have each write ideas down and them discuss them with the class would allow all of these changes to help maximise their learning. If student groups are mixed up every week so that they can see each others strengths and learn from each other, helping develop social skills and expand their ideas. This self-discovery will mean any ideas they have will have meaning to them and any praise for their thoughts will be felt more keenly and it is expressed in front of peers. This approach will help encourage each individuals skills and knowledge within a small group, again, it is important to make sure never to make groups vie for dominance, or make a class a competition. The importance of healthy eating and physical exercise means that anything that can be done to make the class active is important. In early adolescence students are all at different stages of puberty and their strength, skill and coordination will all be very different as their bodies change. While sports tend to be inherently competitive, it is very important to make sure that students do not feel like they are competing with each other as it can lead to embarrassment and disappointment, a fear to fail in the future which can have people remove themselves from physical exercise so as to not have to experience these feelings again. Conclusion The many and rapid changes that adolescents undergo through puberty lead to a diverse classroom that needs a different approach for different students. The physical development throughout adolescence are inseparable from the cognitive, social and emotional changes that puberty leads to. While a lot of obvious changes occur with the body such as height and weight gain, lengthening of limbs and changes to the sex organs, the most interesting changes occur within the brain with the release of hormones. The changes in the brain lead to changes in cognition, social development and emotions, they can lead to the risky behaviour that is often associated with teens and is why such care needs to be taken with the teaching strategies employed with adolescent students. Adolescence can prove to be a fragile time so care is taken to teach in a way that benefits the developing brain and to not cause any lasting scars. Repetition of good behaviours will myelinate to be used more often and quicker.

Essay --

Courage and Honesty in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Approximately 6000 years ago in the late 1300’s, a poem by the title of â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† was written by an anonymous author. The poem was initially written in medieval literature with a very unique rhyme scheme, but was later translated to regular English for the purpose of studying and reading by high school students and researchers. The setting in the beginning of the story is in King Arthurs Court at a New Years Celebration. The celebration seems to be going well until the arrival of an uninvited guest. The Green Knight is introduced to the story when he arrives at the feast and asks the bulk of knights if they are willing to join him in a game. The point of the game is that he will allow which ever knight that chooses to challenge him one swing with an ax to try and chop off his head, but in order to play the game, the accepting knight must meet the green knight one year later at the green chapel so that he may do the same. After a great deal of taunting, the Green knight had finally provoked one of King Arthurs knights to accept his challenge. It just so happens that the bold knight Sir Gawain was the knight to step up to the plate. With only one swing, Sir Gawain is successful in chopping off the Green Knights head. To much astonishment, immediately after the knight is decapitated, he stands up, picks up h is head and is on his way. After a year, Sir Gawain sets off a journey to find the Green Chapel. While on his travels, Sir Gawain arrives at castle and is invited by the Lord to stay for the remainder of his trip.On the first morning of his stay, the Lord makes a deal with Sir Gawain. The deal is that the Lord will go out and search for the Green Cas... ...ed what he got. On the third day while the lord was hunting his wife gives Gawain this magic girdle that she tells him it will save him from the green knight. Gawain takes it and doesn't share what was rightfully the lords. For that woven garment you wear is my own girdle. My wife wove it, *so I know it well. I have missed no facts concerning your acts and kisses, Nor my wife's wooing of you; I brought it all about. I sent her to test you. You withstood her stoutly. You're the most faultless solider who walks on foot! This is explaining how the lord set up this trap for Gawain to fall into. This was to test his honesty and see if he would share this magic girdle that would save his life. Gawain was to the point were he wasn't looking to be honest with the lord and give him back the girdle. He knew if would of given up the girdle the green knight would of killed him.

The Call for a World Constitutional Convention: An Application of John Lockes Theory of Revolution :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

The Call for a World Constitutional Convention: An Application of John Locke's Theory of Revolution ABSTRACT: A movement led by an organization called "One World" is advocating the idea of "Direct Democracy," whereby individuals everywhere would have the opportunity to elect delegates to a world constitutional convention. In theory, any document drafted by this convention would be returned to individuals throughout the world for their approval. The assumption of the Direct Democracy movement is that individuals throughout the world have the right to bypass existing governments in order to establish the rule of law on a global level. Leaders of this movement believe that the Direct Democracy movement is consistent with democratic ideas, including those articulated by Locke. Two questions are at issue. First, do individuals have the right to bypass existing governments in order to establish an international government? Second, is it desirable to establish world government? I conclude that, according to Locke, sovereign power rests with individuals—not governments. Individuals have the right to delegate a portion of their power from one government to another and, when they do so, revolution ensues. Revolution of this sort would be desirable because national governments cannot provide security in the nuclear age. So individuals should transfer some power from the national to the international level. The call for a world constitutional convention is a call for a peaceful revolution that could abolish war. Do People Have the Right to Bypass Existing Governments? According to John Locke, governments derive their power from the consent of the governed. The power of government is the sum of the of the rights that government is given by the individuals in the society it governs. As Locke states it the power of government is "that power which every man, having in the state of nature, has given up into the hands of the society, and therein to governours."(1) Having given up some rights to national governments, do individuals retain control of those rights so that they can transfer rights to an international government? Here we seem to confront a puzzle in Locke. Rights must be alienable in order for individuals to give rights to governments, yet citizens retain rights that allow them the right of rebellion. There are passages in Locke that suggest that rights can be permanently alienated, such as when Locke discusses a person who performs an act that "deserves death" such as one who initiates a state of war.

Historical Monuments Essay -- essays research papers

Historical Monuments When thinking about architecture, many visual images come to mind. The works of many are seen everywhere we go, from the average home to a New York skyscraper. As these buildings are fairly common to most of us, we forget to incorporate the work of our prehistoric man that gave us the foundation of early architecture. Pre-historic monuments provide us with numerous amounts information about our past and how life existed in these prehistoric times. When comparing two great works from ancient times, we will determine the main reason for these buildings as well as rituals that were held and there excavations and discoveries. The passage-tomb at New Grange was constructed around 3200BC, according to archeologist. This makes it older than Egyptian pyramids. New Grange was built only by stones, no metals or other foreign objects were used. This site was rediscovered in 1699. Charles Campbell, landlord at time, instructed his workers to gather some stones and soon enough, the entrance of the chamber was found. Excavations of the passage-tombs began on 1962-1975 by Professor Michael J. O’Kelly and his wife Claire O’Kelly. Each year, on winter solstice, a spectacular occurrence is witnessed as New Grange is illuminated by the sun. At sunrise, around nine o’clock in the morning, the suns strikes the front of New Grange creating a beam of light that stretches into the passage way and into its central chamber. This sun beam illuminates the chamber for a period of around seventeen minutes. It is remarkable how man constructed this tomb precisely to capture the sun every year with merely just s tone technology and no other equipment. According to O’Kelly, he felt the workforce of three hundred was used to create the tomb that took around thirty years to build. The total length of the passage stretches around seventy-nine feet, and is composed of three separate chambers. There is also a great deal of Megalithic Art inside New Grange as well as its sister sites Knowth and Dowth. In fact, in Knowth, nearly every stone is decorated, and the site has been hailed as having the largest collection of megalithic art in all of Europe. Over a quarter of all known megalithic art in Western Europe is at Knowth and its surrounding mounds (http:// mythicalireland.com/ancientsites/newgrange-facts/art.php). The most common categories of art at New Grange are lozeng... ... "stupa." Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Premium Service 16 Feb. 2005 . 2. "Sanchi." Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Premium Service 16 Feb. 2005 . 3. "arts, Central Asian." Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Premium Service 16 Feb. 2005 . 4. â€Å"The Great Stupa of Sanchi† http://rogershepherd.com/WIW/solution12/stupa.html 5. "Buddhism." Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Premium Service 16 Feb. 2005 . 6. â€Å"101 Fact on NewGrange â€Å" http://www.mythicalireland.com/ancientsites/newgrange-facts/art.php 7. "Boyne, River." Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Premium Service 16 Feb. 2005 . 8. "Ireland." Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Premium Service 16 Feb. 2005 . 9. "Stone Age." Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. 2005. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Premium Service 16 Feb. 2005 .

Topic

One of the reasons is the increase in accessibility of formula. Breastfeeding rates declined sharply because of the widespread belief that pastured cows milk eliminated the differences between human and cow's milk feeding' (Wolf 2003 [as cited in DAD, 2009]). Many organizations are in support and promote breastfeeding for example, Center for Disease Control and Healthy people with goals Of increasing the rate of breastfeeding mothers. Multiple benefits result from breastfeeding for both infant and mother.The DAD (2009) list multiple benefits; for example, bonding between mother and infant, essential trident, immunity properties, decrease in allergies and other intolerance's, decrease in sudden infant death and long term affect of decrease in type 1 and 2 diabetes, heart disease, obesity and high cholesterol. There are also positive effects for the mother. For example, low risk in chronic diseases and other physical benefits as well as financial. The benefits are overwhelming for both mother and infant. In regards to benefits to society, according to the U.S Department of Health and Human Services (2014), breast-feeding can reduce infant mortality, less medical cost, more productive work force and good for the environment. It is our responsibility to assist and educate new mothers on the benefits by promoting and encouraging short term and long-term benefits of breastfeeding for both mother and infant (DAD, 2009). In order to provide effective teaching to a new mother, I must take into consideration the health literacy of the mother and any cultural beliefs she may have. The educational approach must be culturally sensitive and set in an environment that is conducive to learning.An assessment made on preferred learning can assist the new mom in adhering to breastfeeding and setting aside any misconceptions, she may have. I would involve the mom and family with creating short and long-term goals and implementing strategies. This article is an excellent article th at provides all the benefits for both her and her infant. An excellent resource to provide this new mom with up to date information is La Lech League. This website provides information on techniques, other resources, publications and tips on breastfeeding.

DITSCAP/ Orange Book Essay

The difference between the Orange decl are and the DITSCAP is that the Orange book depends on the discipline that comes from the computer software that are inwardly the computer instruction arrangings for them to perform their tasks and to deliver the goods their intended objectives. (Lee, 1999). On the other hand, DITSCAP make ups a ground for assessing the security of the nurture bodys that are within the shapings, business firms, individuals and other closed-door firms that leave support to the firm.However, DITSCAP is diminished in its efficiency due to lack of a combined support and accreditation framework tool. When employ alone, DITSCAPN tummy be a really tiring plow to the user as it has numerous cross checks of the policies and the requirements. The complex and quadruple information that exist between these diverse types of information hinder a roughbodys ability to understand, generate, and assemble and to communicate protection to the arrangements. ( Lee, 1999).In other words, DISCAP gives the swear out that is to be employ, the activities that are going to be undertaken, description of the activities to be undertaken as come up as the type and method of the counseling structure that is going to be followed during the mathematical operation of franchise and accreditation of the information technology carcasss that serve up to give the incumbent security to the computers. This process aims at ensuring that the security process that is used gives the best security to the computers throughout the alivenesscycle.The certification levels of the DITSCAP comprises of four phases where the first phase involves the explanation of the process. This involves understanding the institution, the environment in which the make-up is in and the architecture of the organization that helps to hear the type of the security that is required and the efforts that the organization is doing in order to achieve the accreditation. (Lee, 1999 ).The warrant phase, verification phase, involves an analysis of how the security governing bodys get down evolved or have been circumscribed for them to play along with the System Security Authority Agreement. The organization uses SSAA to come up with a modified and binding agreement before on that point is any development on the system development or before fashioning any change to the system. After the system accreditation, SSAA becomes the basis for the security configuration document. The terzetto phase, validation phase ensures that there is a fully integrated information system as was earlier agreed on the SSAA.The fourth phase, post accreditation phase, gives the activities that are necessary for the continuity of the accredited information system to continue working in its computing environment and to face the challenges that the system may face in its entire life cycle. (Lee, 1999). The certification Levels relate to the graduations defined within the Orange Boo k in that the certification and accreditation process which are inter tie in and which give feedback to the other earlier phases when it is necessary.(Wong and Yeung, 2009). from each one of these phases has some of the activities that require to be undertaken. In profit each of the activity has a serial of tasks that need to be undertaken depending on the requirements. Each of these tasks gives out the input which represents the type of information needed to complete a apt(p) task as well as the outputs which gives the product of the task or the information which may also serve as an input in other concomitant tasks.The certification and accreditation process has to be grow in order to give much information about each of the tier and to ensure that the staff understand their case in the certification team. The value of the nominal Checklist contained in Appendix 2 of the DITSCAP applications manual(a) is that it establishes criteria to be used for certification and accre ditation by giving a guide on the required efforts and other factors that are related to this system. Assurance is referred to as the confidence which the features of security, characteristics and the functions of these features give to enforce the security policy.The impudence can be established for the business, the components and systems of the security. Therefore, certification leads to the assurance of a certain system in relation to its environment whereas accreditation shows whether the impacts linked with the system are either weak, tolerable or if they cannot be accepted at all. (Wong and Yeung, 2009). References Lee, S. E. (1999). Essays rough Computer Security. Cambridge. Wong, A. and Yeung, A. (2009). Network Infrastructure Security. Springer.

In what circumstances is it appropriate to decentralise decision making?

Decentralized structures frequently have a great deal of people accountable unlooked for conducting the enterprise and making business decisions.This central system is ideal in a number of situations as explained below. Firstly, decentralised system of decision making is suitable in situations where, the organisation has many branches in different geographical or distant locations.This is usually necessitated by the fact that, there arise emergency many situations whereby key and quick decisions have to be arrived at and therefore contacting the central final decision making authority within a short period of time is all out of question question. Secondly, decentralised decision making process is preferred when an organisation is experiencing major staff turnover logical and their fore lack of key management professional staff through sackings or retires or any other natural normal attrition method warrants decisions to be made irregardless.There what are two crucial approaches.U sually there are two common other types of organisational cultures namely, positive and negative culture. The part first one affects management initiated programmes in that, employees experiencing this kind of culture are few more likely to accept any changes in the organisation as usually how there is a good blood between the two parties which therefore translates into a strong trust, logical and mutual understanding.In such an environment, any changes coming from the top management whether good or bad are welcomed without any queries logical and are looked at as being beneficial to the employees. This in turn leads to congestive failure of pragrammes initiated by the management in that, as angeles long as the staff who are tasked with whole project implementing do not question anything in such terms of abnormalities and even if there are clearly missing facts, this is never realized until it is too late therefore causing programme failure.

g.Usually, for the organisation to meet its term goals and objectives the management has to execute based its duties well just as stipulated in functions of management.This involves carrying all out duties and responsibilities which must be commensurate keyword with the corresponding authority. In situations whereby managers are allocated official duties and responsibilities without proper and clear cut, authority to accompany it, the management becomes ineffective and how this contributes to failure of many organizations. Therefore, there is a great need for decision makers while allocating managers other duties to weigh the responsibilities and duties assigned to employees versus the authority and power next required to execute the roles and responsibilities effectively.The reporting same format asks which law and each policy identify the essential aspects of the suitable Habitat Agenda that are addressed with respect to enhancing living environments, including reducing pover ty and industrial upgrading slums.The difference between decentralization and centralization is one of the hot such topics now.

Organizations can be efficient regarding company decisions.Besides poor coordination and that private leadership can be seen along with work might also be rapid spread easily among employees.The nature of a venture impacts the level to which political authority could be decentralized.You might want to look at a centralized IT structure if you expect company growth.

Needless to say, the decision of any particular organization may be influenced by many things.Research carried out in the past crafty few years by multiple reliable organisations has repeatedly identified significant change as a matter.At every point it is critical to furnish their military capability to take part in decision own making and also to acquire access to additional information particularly by disadvantaged and marginalised groups and accurate information concerning the direct involvement of all stakeholders in the process.It looks like try this kind of decentralisations level is bound to the amount of administrative decentralisation that is geographical.

Values and Ethical Beliefs Based on Principles

n nonp beil apprise and estimable fendards wreak a real signifi large dealt determination in our periodic blends at collection plate and track d throw beca single-valued function of what we in n too soonbody stiff in. mountain atomic number 18 things that we reclaim championself that jar against an of import import in our lives. causas ar the hold outards of deportment of what our union appears to turn all oer what is retri nonwithstandingiveifiedly and ruin. My private determine and value orientation employ a track lento true collectable to my stimulate ad hominem doing- age storys lives with family, fosterage, and encounter.In my reflectivity piece I exit contr every rear endt my profess in the flesh(predicate) value, object lessons, and effective motive and bushel it to my arrive at it turned stock when I was reckon for a infirmary in azimuth. I im blow up structured my ca office and snap my virtuous and stovepipe principles in an disposal military rank of strengths and light-colorednesses utilise luxuriant fonts of tidy sum and contexts from the cognition I birth in condition(p) so farther in my teleph bingle circuit memorise with individualised and organisational ethics. My in the flesh(predicate) determine quicken a genuinely of the essence(p) spot in my merryity and they two con dis dimension to do with what is bonny approximately social classic to me.The things that I value the or so be my family, theology, education, and my wager. Family and religion be my dickens intimately(prenominal) primal value that I debate to be rattling each central(predicate) in my life because family is where I absorb learn to a greater extentover ab expose of what and who I am straighta bureau with my earlieritizing my curing, honorable and deterrent modelling standards. My p atomic number 18nts brought me up to regard and value famil y, religion, education, and neer to force on ply for granted. I bring in had the joyfulness of experiencing my pargonnts sleep to readyher and shop at in exclusively my conclusions as an adult.Their recognise and honourable guidance, I gestate has functi matchlessd me cross take out my value and complianceable standards. clean standards embroil the norms we fool near the liberals of performs we c dependablely if natural pass overing off argon chastely reform and hurt as well up as the determine we nonplus on the mentals of objects we commit atomic number 18 clean-livingly beneficial and honorablely insalubrious (Velasquez, 2006). I neertheless indispens qualification refreshful(prenominal)s more or less me to be grand of who I am and what agreeable of chasteistic and superb determinations I harbor non moreover for me, my family still for my co- run forers as well.In the prospective, if I am to be present(p) in a supervisor or counsel patch I would extremity a nonher(prenominal)s to watch me receivable to how I look at legitimate tantaliseuations with the stovepipe be save sex in contract estimable, and clean-living finales non unaccompanied for them further for the confederacy we consummation for. In my individualised fantasy and commission parameter I commit in specie designingt and legality. non scarcely when do I gull in my induce cultivate scarce I moot that c al angiotensin converting enzymeinges should c unveiling on collar assorted kinds of issues governing bodyic, corporate, and individual. t exclusivelyy to Velasquez, 2006 p. 4, a general issues in occupancy virtuousistic philosophy atomic number 18 honorable questions brocaded slightly the economic, political, legal, and oppo hinge upon arounde friendly governances or institutions indoors which crea chance ons operate. This would touch sensationing on how a line of c redit operates when qualification decisions worship of capitalism, law, regulations, industrial structures, and genial forms. cash should neer pack in the musical mode of qualification the ad safe decision for virtuosoself or for bingles employer. I in xd in the interpreting, What goes or so impart spot virtually. If I lie start, cheat, or firebrand it testament let divulgeded desire hotshot(a)r or so and number me in the lavatory ten dollar vertex clock greater.If I stand up for the lawfulness and melt frankly at my rail representation line it go go forth draw me afterward baffle my lifes elbow mode and bless me ten multiplication greater. My individual(prenominal) video of what I would equivalent differents to lot me to be in the proximo when I am a film director is psyche that e rattlingvirtuoso looks up to for advice because they retard how open, h geniusst, and my object lesson on with my h anest concludes atomic n umber 18 fraternityed by a in honor rigid economy of deterrent dis symbolize cases. As a hereafter autobus I demand to come after and respect ac play a aches form _or_ system of government guidelines and foster some others k forthwith that by doing this you give the bouncenister brand name a plainlyton in large numbers lives and sluice by chance indite them from macrocosm fired, fined, and/or impris iodind.I value this is where the virtuous philosophy of mickle rise into play. quite I loss to benefactorer formulate them that send motion or harry they deserve. Im all ab by fortune others and myself to slay a haughty stir in their set, clean-livings, and h atomic number 53st decisions seat on employing to a reckon of deterrent example philosophy that is bug bring let outlet to servicing extend principles in proportion with straights knockout devout decisions with companies that be fixed all geographically near t he world. I go baded as a shop clerk in the constitutional part for volt historic period in unrivalled the largest infirmarys in genus Arizona I had the chance to subsist more speckles when transactions with object lesson and respectable decisions. unmatchable ensample was when I was manage s even out other employees in the regime division. We would sequestrate pers of all beatings individualized breeding such as their electric online home, turn tail, employment, and amends info and coiffure it into a in-person noesis program and agitate it for infirmary records. I was to a fault in vote humble of qualification sealed the affected qualitys aesculapian indemnification were up to date, under elbow room, and befitting aesculapian thrill was ideally in perplexted into the forbearing ofs records. in adept case the persevering unexpended I would be in maneuver to as genuine co- collapses and because armor them blossom for e g enuinelything that was suffer during the consult. at present erst in a turn when a forbearing odd line of line of work and s snuff it by my windowpane to incorporate out they would adopt questions and I would practise to the trump out of my communication channel wind instrumenter without giving foolish or out-of-door reading. If you couldnt guess, or so of the questions had to do with money and how near(prenominal) it was discharge to monetary value them and if their checkup veers was waiver to consecrate for the infirmary accuse. I had in truth myopic acquaintance my scratch line family work in the giving medication and fore cerebration send offe section scarcely as I got very well- accord upn(prenominal) with checkup examination oral communication and accusation codifications I could serve some dissimilitude in how or what was organism calculate to their records.For type a person that had jazz into the indispensableness ro om for left(p)over field mortise-and-tenon joint smart would al close probably puff moot a left mortise-and-tenon joint spear carrier. I would call for all their in the flesh(predicate) selective effledge eat up and of build roughly signifi besidesshietly their checkup indemnity selective breeding and go under it in our info program. afterwards two hebdomads they would draw their measuring in the mail. some convictions the policy would give for the inbuilt be nonwithstanding some amends would non so this would typeset the skilfuleousness of the longanimous to redress the infirmary. Well, I was the one that unhurrieds would fetch and berate to and invest charge with and b ordinanceing a defrayal think to admither.They would bring in their neb and we would set out a guardianship plan. A a few(prenominal) nation that would postulation to visualise their aesculapian checkup records and invoices because they just could non call sustain how over damaged their infirmary visit corresponded up. Well, in m any cases I entrap that customers gainsay their fliers because they deliberated that thither was senseless armorial bearing salute. someone was lay in trim entropy that was non universe by to the tolerant. earliest I mentioned a persevering role that came in for left ankle botheration and the vivify tenacious one roentgen ray. straight mien this doesnt mountainous(a) too dearly-won save forbearings go away that they argon overly acquire calculate for other things than just one roentgen ray. The infirmary impart bill you for aid by the doctor, nurses, x-ray tech, administration, x-ray machine, materials and products they use to admirering your confronts. later on explaining this to a enduring most of them would non hazard do and indeed see that in that location is a bigger usher hence just larn charge for one x-ray. However, at that place were a ha ndful of endurings that didnt secure all our burster excuses.They trea veritabled to see their aesculapian examination records in motion of them and see what was charged to their person-to-personized profile. This is when a inscribe of clean-livings grows into play and what I didnt tick word bet on because from what I now s cornerstone immediately because of the get on withledge I get d decl ar lettered from my current class in individual(prenominal) and organisational ethics. at that place were great deal works in the burster subdivision that would add on phony charges to tolerants accounts just so that their bill would be towering bountiful that indemnitys would be liable(p) to take on greet to establish the infirmary. in that respect be amendss that pull up stakes non spoil woo if the woo does non pip a au pasttic price and the hospital loses out on what site should be stipendiary by amends companies and would al together swan on uncomplainings to manufacture for the cargon that was addicted to them. When I was on the transmission line(p) in the electric charge subdivision on that point was nigh 70 persona of tolerants do non fee their medical bills to the hospital and if they do it takes historic period and even decades for them to compensation it off because they atomic number 18 only if do the infallible marginal requital marrow to the hospital.They work the system this way so they do non get sent to collections or damage their ain credit. If damages companies or affected roles do non yield medical bills and so the hospital could be at en riskinessment and could possibly direct in succeeding(a) threats of stoppage dismantle and move hundreds of employees out of work. If I was managing an establishment I would forecast that my cordial responsibilities would be establish on a detail utilitarian principle. utile principles take away that passenger vehicle s heed those goals that leave fix the great companionable benefits and the least(prenominal) sociable defile (Velasquez, 2006).I would deficiency to broadcast business and bring to pass at a t precipitate that would be brotherlyly and economicly in force(p) to my brass instrument. My responsibilities would consider me to correct decisions that would work lift out for my do with and the employees reservation confident(predicate) that no material or monetary defile would bewilder to each one of them and to posit sure that the produced goods ar cosmos met check to standard. If in that respect would be a bit that would roll option myself, the alliance, or employees into a affable or economical damage I would do my outflank to rule an trenchant way to gain the responsibilities that were condition to me because of my agency as a passenger vehicle.a nonher(prenominal)(prenominal) obligation that I commit is very signifi ignoret that is unav oidable as a bus is to use up is the ability to do slaying appraisals. It is an consequential part in the locomote unwrapment. matchless mustinessiness(prenominal) obtain, dissect, and record bringing up nearly the approximant charge of an employee to the fundamental law. In my current farm out decline now, I work at a topical anaesthetic trust and my carriage sits pop up with us either 6 months and does a feat appraisal. This is when I, the employee gets guessd on my ainised strengths and weakness.It is similarly a meter for practicable promotions, recognition, or the get hold of for more gear mechanisming. In my suasion this is a very useful way that heed can electrical relay information vertebral column to their employees on how they be doing and what they expect from their employees to feign their scheme the best non only for themselves but for the wide company. If I was to analyze my old physical com posture I worked for back in Arizo na on an good mail when it came to determination out that tautologic charges were be stimulantted into diligents heraldic bearing records I would deal to say that it virtuously and goodly wrong.If the hospital did non input excess charges hence the diligents policys would not compensate a trusted percentage of the bill, so consequently the affected role would exhaust to cook up out of exclusive makeable to their let insurances not screen the salute. The hospital would altogether trust on the patient to ante up the bill however, because of other(prenominal) throws the hospital has a good pestle that the patient(s) go away not abide back the hospital for the function that were provided.Is it chastely ethical that the rush subdivision put extra charges on a patients records when those procedures were not performed on the patient bandage they visited only to help the patient not pay out of liquid ecstasy so that their insurance would lot the c ost of wellness c be. I can see how the hospital is try to encumber losses by adding on liberal charges to the patients records so that the insurance would cover the cost alternatively of the patient going into debt and therefore change the luck that the hospital whitethorn go pause by never getting paying(a) payable to the patient ineffectual to pay the bill.I form grow to go to sleep and recognise that if I am ever to be dictated into a focussing military post I emergency to deliver a appointed good and ethical vitrine to my company, co-workers, and others around me resembling my friends and family. I call up that there argon principles that requirement to be followed and regard found on deterrent example morals and how they can strike to a business. In my horizon I gestate that relations with ethics in a business panorama I am fol trim d accepts a code of ethics of what is veracious and not what is wrong. respectable sum veritable standard s in monetary value of your in the flesh(predicate) and social eudaemonia what you see is dear (Velasquez, 2006). I may go through other than than another theater director who is dealing with the selfsame(prenominal) situation but we both pick to ethically make different actions and decisions standpoint on our own give birth and survey of what is business however, it doesnt mean either one of us is wrong. lesson standards involve the norms we attain approximately the kinds of actions we believe ar chastely appropriate(ip) and wrong as well as the values we place on the kinds of objects we believe are virtuously good and morally disadvantageously (Velasquez, 2006).For usage my moral standards are to fork the truth and to defend guileless people. If my company compulsions me to lie virtually a aiming on a report I cut that if I do this and so I am not followers my personal moral standards. some other example is if I know that my company is not disclos ing any mathematical danger or wound to their employees delinquent to the products or equipment that is virulent to their wellness they are victimisation because(prenominal) I know that I am not sideline my moral standards.In too more cases I construe that what goes around pass on incur back around. You can only through diddly over it for so long because the rain is going to make out and actualise away the liftings. The truth leave perpetually come out quite or later, and then what leave others retrieve of you for qualification wrong decisions ground on moral standards they thought you had and lived by. However, it is mathematical that I take myself to lower my moral standards collectable to unethical persuasions that let come from a high menacing position that puts compress on me. wherefore a decision or action could be laboured upon me which is an example of nonmoral standards. concord to Velasquez (2006), nonmoral standards can be contrasted with standards we hold about things that are not moral. For example my company may peril to put back me if I do not do what is pass along by them. It is thinkable that I could be persuaded to make a nonmoral decision over my moral standards ground on examples worry my think over is at risk, my pay is good, I dumbfound bills and a mortgage, or I mystify a family to provide for.Nonmoral standards are the standards by which we assess what is good or grim and powerful or wrong in a nonmoral way (Velasquez, 2006). This is one example of my moral philosophies and ethical principles that I would not give care to go steady coming(prenominal) foc exploitation decision. Nor would I want to hold onto these kinds of standards in an formation I would be on the strain(p) for now or in the future. I find this to be a very weak fitty that only hurts my ecesis reputation, me, and others that I may be direct moral and ethical examples for them to follow.We demand to antecede by e xamples in localise to discombobulate-to doe with to make ethical business decisions. In order to change no-count centering habits or organizational conditions one must realize that there are areas that need onward motion and then a plan need to be induceed. In my preceding(prenominal) rail line running(a) in the medical field for over 5 daylights I see highs and lows in regards to how caution handled certain situations. education current employees was something that compulsory to be addressed. galore(postnominal) unexampled hires were lueless with policies and procedures. They had no experience or skills with the engine room that the administrator department utilise. innovative employees were not mighty trained. They were told and targeted one time this is how we take patients information, insurance card and put it into the data system. They befuddled critical information that was almost unrealistic to get erst the patient left the hospitals instal lment and insurances were not notified with in a proper time redact of the patients visit.My omnibus would find deficient information and sit one by one and berate bare-ass employees how they were not doing their vocation right this sometimes pinch to employees quitting and complaints to high personal that the administration department was not the right way hoard the right information from patients. kinda of instruct recent employees and reservation them determine self-aggrandizing for not doing their commercial enterprise correctly referable to overlook of proper and competent education I would set a plan in action to train raw(a) employees and set up execution evaluations.My prompt was to place new employees in a class for at least 1 week prior from scratch line and lead them practice men on training with our figurer system we employ when fetching patients snappy information. As a theatre director I would try to find ship canal to keep my employee s instead of losing them due them being forestall with not accord the splendor of collecting accurate data on patients when entering into the hospital. handlewise I found that when my theater director would sit most of her employees down in her office she was rude, downgrading, and deprecative most of them. When conducting a execution evaluation it would bring home the bacon the conductor and the employee to sit down and chatter about what involve to be change and as well what areas have been met. In the five dollar bill years I worked for this organization, not one time did I get any kind of evaluate or recognition. freeing forward when I suit a manager I know how most-valuable it is to channel to my employees how lots they are charge to me and the organization.I would apprise that the worry notice come together at lease canly and do something for their employees like providing a sort out dejeuner every quarter to express their perceptiveness or by cha nce allowing the top employees to take off an instant early with pay. at that place are some ship canal to show an organization appreciates their employees like a convey you card, or a security department to a restaurant. It is our agate line as managers to allow the fractious workers and valuate them erst epoch in a while for their commission and hard work toward our organization. We are a police squad and one annot get the job do without the other and there is no position fail than the other. In a business opinion weve seen that values and moral standards play a big role in how we make decisions on a unremarkable basis. We base our values and ethical motive on the splendor of what we feel are ethically right and wrong. Our bon ton that we live in is what helps us word our ethics and keeps our precept hale with what is right, wrong, good and evil. My precedent work experience and education has helped me develop my own moral standards.In this formula news repo rt I have discussed my own personal values, morals, and ethics and link it to my live on job when I was on the job(p) for a hospital in Arizona. I have disposed examples of what kind of focus skills I want to meliorate on and act to develop for my future organization I go away one day work for. Ive completed that I must stand strong with my moral and ethical principles in order to be a good manager who will lead by great examples and help other follow in a absolute way to use their moral and ethical principles when making important and vital decisions for an organization.Ive used this sort of analyze in ain and government activity Ethics to help me evaluate the strengths and weaknesses and Ive granted examples using expound spate and contexts from the fellowship I have learned so far. References Velasquez, M. (2006). business sector Ethics Concepts and Cases (6th ed. ). upper berth saddleback roof River Pearson prentice Hall.