Zeitgeist and architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Zeitgeist and architecture - Essay ExampleIn attentiveness of the mental synthesis of choice in this paper, Le unite de Habitation du Marseille form Le Corbusier, It is grievous to underscore the point that architectonic position is a syntactic language that attempts to transmit concepts through our most basic instincts. architecture incorporates the reaction in philosophy and the beliefs of a give outicular time. Such architectural designs have a take impact on space which also goes in line with time. From time immemorial art has been part of everyday life of people in various heathenish settings. This has been the case with the various aspects of the society ranging from structures, indoor design of houses, food arrangement patterns and designing of clothes. Various theoretical concepts have been advanced in respect of the philosophical factors that atomic number 18 taken into consideration when designing various buildings. Architecture is one of the oldest sciences tha t require in-depth apprehensiveness of various factors in respect of the desired structure. A number of modern towns argon experiencing increasing motivation for housing with a blend of diverse architectural designs (Mitias, 1999). There are various theoretical concepts that are spoken by the structure itself once it is constructed. Architecture captures the space factor which is increasingly becoming merely in most residential sites. There have been many cases of setting up buildings in a way that they blend with the topography of the site and the cultural affiliation with the immediate society. Various architecture scientists attest to the fact that the coeval society strives to spare any little space and maximize the allocated site with an expansive privileged and relatively slim exterior. It is common to come across a number of features in many cities which mum represent the ancient architecture and are mainly taken through renovation with the building technique kept inta ct. The cultural affiliation of the people is an important factor in designing various architectural pieces of art. The ancient time is a reflection of the origin of various concepts and socioeconomic and political concepts that dictated a given way of life amongst the members of the community. This explains the diverse architectural features that are found around the world and the cultural association they have with the given community. It is worth to note that the contemporary architecture considers the serenity of the surroundings and the complexity of the social characteristics of the society. This has been brought about by the increasing sensitivity of people towards colors and their blending (Gargiani, Le Corbusier, Rossellini & Piccolo, 2011). It is important to note that any sensitive architectural creation must incorporate the important influence of delineation to the public when designing a house. Design of a building says more than words about the usual culture, and it explains why some of the ancient buildings have kept under the UN conventions on preservation of cultural heritage. The contemporary emergence of globalization is driving urban centers towards over population and a beehive of commercial activities. This requires redefinition of supplying the town in terms of structures. Space is becoming a great issue and this explains the research on how the architectures and town planners can come up with beautiful and space saving designs. The increasing competition for space is a matter of great concern among various competing demands of an urban center. There is a need for a revised polychromy of architecture. Ultra-modern art has seen most of the houses designed with vibrant colors and attractive interior design with paints that are water resistant for durability (Mitias, 1999). The adoption of

MGT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

MGT - Essay Examplefactors are comprised of heighten commitment, enhanced cooperation, justified behavior, improved decision-making, enhanced control, improved communications and shared perceptions.The original source of the culture reflects the lot of the founders. When the culture is in practice real organizational practices help maintaining it. Organizations help employees adapt to the culture by socialization that helps employees understand the culture and become enthusiastic and knowledgeable with customers. Employees learn culture in a number of ways in which the most common ways are through stories, rituals, material symbols and language. organizational stories contain narrative of significant events or people which serves as genuine examples of learning, thus stories provide ready picture of the organizations goal. Rituals on the other hand are repetitive sequences of activities that express and reenforce the important set and goals of an organization. Moreover, symbol s help in demonstrating an organizations personality by determining how an employee shall dress, tell and behave in an organization.In order for the culture to be strong it is very important that values and ideologies shall be held important and embraced throughout the organization thus the organization shall ensure that its features shall non in every way contradict the employees own culture. Therefore it is necessary to take into account the emerging themes and the responses to those by both employees as well as customers.After many conflicts, managers today, agree that the excellence of a hearty depends on efficiency from all factors including customers, employees, autonomy and entrepreneurship. And the excellence can result only from the blend of these factors. However, certain leaders apply dysfunctional management practices such as attention seeking, unrealistic thing and suspecting not only others but self as well such that it results in the lack of delegation of responsib ilities

Reaction Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Reaction Paper - sample ExampleI felt that the poet wrote that old age and months are travelers of eternity because these are some of the factors that will be there till eternity.When I read this, I asked myself what eternity was. I was left wondering how days and months connect to eternity. I am a layman person, and we describe eternity as something that has no end. However, the poets journey was just for a moment, but days and months last forever. Days and months are there for eternity, different Bashos journey, which came to an end. It is as if Basho never expected to complete his journey. He suffered throughout his journey so he was left wondering how days and months felt as they seemed to travel throughout. Days and months will eer be there. Days and months could becompared to travelers, who never seem to complete their journey. They will travel forever, and this is the thesis of Bashos quote (Basho 1).This drag is also extremely intriguing. According to the poet, the moon a nd the sunniness will always be there in every generation making them seem like ideal wanderers (Basho 139). As Basho wandered throughout Japan, he always met the sun and the moon during the days and nights respectively. Bashos journey took ages to complete likewise as the moon and the sun never seem to complete their voyage near the earth. The sun, according to the poem, never seems to end their voyage around the world. The poet illustrated this well as he assumed that the moon and sun were also in a voyage, which never seems to end. This confines is easy to interpret as I got the message in this line immediately I finished going through it. Even though, it is advisable for writers to puzzles their readers, it is also essential to offer them lines, which will charter them understand or interpret what they are reading.The poet made it easier for his readers to understand what they are reading. I found this line overwhelming as people would not

Saudi Arabia Country Profile Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Saudi-Arabian Arabia Country Profile - enquiry Paper ExampleThe Saudi Arabian political spectrum is led by an absolute monarchy which is founded upon the principles of Islam. In the region of Saudi Arabia, the king is both the head of the administration as well as the head of the state. It is relevant to public relations professionals to note that crucial decisions relating to the surface area, to a large extent, are formed only later on consulting with ghostly leaders and senior princes of the royal family. Quran, the holy book of Islam, is considered to be the constitution of the country and the KSA is governed by the Islamic law Sharia.It is a key fruit point to note that Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy even though the king is also required to abide by Sharia and the Quran according to the Basic virtue of Saudi Arabia accepted by the royal decree in 1992. Quran and the Sunnah (the traditions of Muhammad) are cardinal to KSAs constitution and both remain subject to int erpretation left to the powers of ulema, the countrys religious establishment. Neither political parties nor national elections are permitted in the country and the royal family dominates the government. According to the Democracy office prepared by The Economist, Saudi Arabian government was rated as the seventh most authoritarian government among the 167 countries chosenii. Currently the Saudi government is led by the monarch King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz.Saudi riyal is the currency of KSA. Saudi Arabias economy is greatly dependent on its oil sector, and hence the countrys economy is often referred to as an oil-based economy. The Saudi government exercises strict control over its key economic activities. To justify its status as an oil-based economy, Saudi Arabia possesses nearly 18 percent of the worlds discovered petroleum reserves and the country has a dominant role in OPECiii. Currently Saudi Arabia is the worlds largest

Information society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Information decree - try on ExampleThe greatest forces behind the creation of an information confederacy are the western civilised nations and respective(a) organisations like the UN, EC, IBRD and the OECD. The lessons learnt from the process of industrialisation throw away shown these groups that the development of information infrastructures and development frameworks is important for the Information golf club (Audenhove et. al., 1999). The policies suggested by these groups broadly recommend the creation of opportunities where competition is encouraged, investments from the private and public sectors are to be back up and the free flow of every kind of information is strongly urged (Europa. 2006).While these policies have been lauded for their foresight, they have to a fault been objected upon due to problems with their application especially in the third world and the developing regions. The development of an information society is supposed to include the entire world but the policies are often seen as weak when it comes to their value in places where the basic necessities of life can not be found. Areas like sub-Saharan Africa and some regions of Asia inadequacy basic facilities like water and electricity and there are some analysts who believe that without these basics no information society can ever be created (Audenhove et. al., 1999). It is therefore important to study the strengths and weaknesses of the policies for information society development in the third world since these could very well point to our collective future as a humane society.Since the last decade or so, the creation of an Information Society and the creation of a common Global Information Infrastructure have been on the to do list of the G7 nations and their allied organizations. Sociologists and thinkers have been hard at work trying to create the policies which would encourage the development of both the above mentioned systems. As a foundation for this society, the creat ion and interconnection of high speed data

State and Local Government Corruption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

pass on and Local political relation Corruption - Essay ExampleA key focus involved troubling examples where organized evil has capitalized on the presence of municipal corruption. What constitutes corruption differs depending on the country or jurisdiction. Certain political living practices that atomic number 18 legal in one place may be illegal in other (Political Corruption 2005). In some countries, police and prosecutors have broad discretion over whom to arrest and management and the line between discretion and corruption can be difficult to draw, as in racial profiling. In countries with strong interest group politics, practices that could easily constitute corruption elsewhere are sometimes sanctified as official group preferences (Political Corruption 2005).Corruption is hard to minimize because it involves confidentiality and too oft encounters public acceptance. Investigations have become hard and multifaceted. Investigators must conquer outdated attitudes in the m idst of legion(predicate) truthful public officials and private citizens that whistle blowing is useless or even unsafe (Local Government 1992, pg. 7). ... 8). However, State legislation is no good if government officials in practice do not support it.Corruption is peculiarly widespread in the local government construction projects. Just recently, a major engineering family that has given $3 million in campaign contributions over the past 25 years and wise Jersey has decided it will no longer donate to politicians (Jackson 2005). The on-line database of the Election Law Enforcement Commission(ELEC) lists 1,205 contributions from the home and its employees, worth nearly $3 million, since 1981 (Jackson 2005). The real total is larger, because ELECs database does not include contributions to municipal candidates and committees or contributions to national candidates, who have also benefited from Schoor DePalmas generosity (Jackson 2005). A search of the FECs Web site, which track s federal campaign contributions, turned up at least $150,000 in the past five years from the company (Jackson 2005). Schoor DePalmas contributions peaked in 2003, when the balloting included candidates for all 120 seats in the New Jersey Legislature (Jackson 2005). Corruption such(prenominal) as this should be condemned. Such corruption erodes the institutional capacity of government as procedures are ignored, resources are siphoned off, and public offices are bought and sold. At the same time, corruption undermines the legitimacy of government and such democratic determine as trust and tolerance (Political Corruption 2005). Corruption also lowers fulfillment with construction, environmental, or other rules, reduces the timber of government services and infrastructure, and increases budgetary pressures on

Community nutrition program site Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Community bread and butter program site - Essay ExampleIt began over two decades ago when the local government expressed concern about the influx of refugees who by then fled their countries because of wars or political instability. The refugees came mainly from war-torn countries in Africa and other eastern European countries. The health problems of these refugees prompted the local council to set up this residential area center to adjust these needs as well as nutrition needs. And more recently, the influx of refugees has been from Iraq. The website is a simple fun of the name of the council and the name of the province (www.ltvasmanland.se). According to the centers website, its missionary work is simple healthcare provision. This mission is supported through dedication to play an active and pivoting role in the development, delivery, accessibility and promotion of primary health care in the community they serve. The center equally provides a work environment that is conduc ive to staff development, teamwork and flexibility to optimize cost effective performance with quality health services to secure continued financial stability. The centers health services are designed such that people are served in the context of their community, family and culture and do not allow for language or economic barriers to dictate on who benefits from the community center. As a channel for community well-being, the center is a collaborative participant in the quest for the continuous improvement, with and underlying mission to provide and accessible and affordable community-health care that is reflective and antiphonal to its community.The purpose of the website created is to enhance its awareness as well as puff it more accessible to the community it serves. It also serves to give accessibility to other organizations who could want to know more about the center and make donations.The population served by this center is the disadvantaged in the local community, as wel l as refuge seekers who have left their country as a result of war

The effects of working mothers on children in the UAE Essay

The effects of running(a) starts on children in the UAE - Essay ExampleIt is mother who guides children towards diverse fields. jibe to Cuber J.F (1955) an individuals character is outcome of mothers efforts. indeed a good mother with impressive credentials will bring up her children in an impressive way and inculcate any of her qualities into them to the maximum. On the other hand, mother who does not devote proper and required attention on her children cannot neer attain purpose of hoping her children to be good group members even let alone good citizens. Thus evaluation that mother is, fundamentally, responsible for a good family can be understood from the impacts mother puts on children in a social milieu. Working mothers particularly are prone to effect childrens succeeding(a)(a) because they hardly offer appropriate time to them. This phenomenon has been gaining ground crosswise the globe on general and in UAE in particular.This paper is drafted to analyse role of mothe r and impacts which children come in from the inattentive attitude mother has for children across the globe especially in UAE. This paper deals chiefly with the case in point of running(a) mothers in UAE. I have structured this paper into various sections in which I have defined working mothers and their statistics, role of maids as a replacement of mothers, working mothers in UAE and Gulf and negative effects which children get from working mothers. Further, I have alike elaborated that factors which have caused increase in number of working mothers in UAE and Gulf and social aspect of working mothers in different sections under different headlines. I end this paper with logical conclusions and also some advices which, I find, essential towards a better future of the children and mothers.Working mother is one who earns livelihood for her family by working outside of the home. These services earn them beautiful amount to make both ends meet and also to bring up children accordin g to social changes and control. It is also a fact that every mother

The Congo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Congo - Essay ExampleThe independence did not solve each(prenominal) the problems of Congo, and problems started arising in the country of Katanga, which was enriched with mines. The province was under the control of Moise Tshombe, who in July 1960 supported the Belgium mercenaries and the Belgium Mining company named Union Minere. After having this support, he declared Kantanga independence. Due to this treachery to the Congo government, Lumumba demanded United Nations to look into the matter and resolve all the upcoming issues and probable Civil War.The Lumumbas government requested UN military assistance to protect the national grease of the Congo against the present external aggression which is a threat to international peace. There was no request to restore internal stability. However, Secretary-General Hammarskjold recommended to the trade protection Council the establishment of a peace-keeping force to assist the government of the Congo in maintaining law and order un til, with technical assistance from the UN, the Congolese national security forces were able to meet these tasks. The Security Council authorized the Secretary-General to take the necessary steps for this purpose and called on Belgium to withdraw its troops from the territory. Thus began what, until the public presentation in Cambodia, was the largest UN peacekeeping operation (reaching a peak of 20,000 troops plus a large noncombatant corps) and one with a profound influence on internal developments in a member state. The Secretary-General was in full aware of the sensitivity of the action that the UN was undertaking in the Congo, both in terms of the attitudes of the foreign countries having a strong interest in the course of events in the Congo, and of the resistance of the Congolese government to any seeming.UN stay Keeping Mission in Congo -Congo Crisis (MONUC)The secretary-general thus faced a government clearly desperately searching for assistance, and the possibility th at outside powers might fill the resulting vacuum if the UN did not. Acting under Article 99 of the charter for the rootage time in the organizations history, the secretary-general called for a Security Council meeting to discuss the issue. In doing so, Hammarskjold furbish up in motion the UN involvement in the Congo. That involvement took the form of an operation that, until the 1990s, was the largest UN peacekeeping operation on record. It was also an involvement that prompted a crisis so deep and an come across so devastating for the United Nations that at once the UN operation in the Congo was officially over the UN did its best not only to put the experience behind it but also to forget it altogether.The willingness to use force in the Congo was a first for the United Nations and it came in the early days of UN experience with peacekeeping. Some of the logistical and communication problems associated with the operation, therefore, can be attributed to a general lack of exp erience and procedures. Command and control problems, for example, such as those associated with the final unanticipated push into Jadotville that surprised UN headquarters, fall into this category. It remains possible, though, that the Jadotville example, like the murky background to Operation Morthor, is an example of a disconnect between decision making in the field and decision making at UN headquarters, either

Happiness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Happiness - Essay ExampleThese challenges include the satisfaction of physiological needs, safety, love, and egotism esteem. All of which serves as the motivation for the individual to strive for self actualization which is the basis of veritable happiness. To cast down with however, the person has to take care of his body and mind. A person has to satisfy his physiological and psychosocial needs wherefore continue to meet his self esteem and finally self actualization. In each of this case, people should harbor the determination to work it out to be able to be successful at this level. In Maslows hierarchy of needs, when the lower needs are satisfied, there is the possibility that the individual whitethorn move on to the next level of need contributing to happiness. Thus, lower needs have to be maintained. A noise in one area may lead to disequilibrium which may result to unhappy life (Suddarth, p 4). A person who is deprived of food cannot be able to understand what love mean s. The absence of this may undermine the individuals psychosocial capacity to be happy and share happiness to others. This goes with the idea that if a person is hungry is likely to be angry. Self actualization leads to contentment which defines happiness in a deeper sense. People who are satisfied with what they have done in their life are a true picture of happiness.

Mary Todd and Abraham Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

bloody shame Todd and Abraham - Essay ExampleThe letter reveals that the First dame was more than a wife to the President. During that time, she was also his adviser, assistant, and bearer of blessings for the people. Where Abraham cannot be, bloody shame Todd is there so that the people get out have someone to talk to more or less their problems and woes. Mary Todd is given the liberty to act out on her own, but she does not abuse it and still calls to Abraham for the final say. Their relationship as a couple and as partners is a healthy give-and-take one. The letter reveals that Abraham Lincoln regards his family just like he would do his country. Mary Todd knows that Abraham is not accustomed to writing, yet she still writes to update him, and although no reply is imminent, she still intends to tell him what is passing game on with their family. In return, Abraham expresses his love for his family by making sure that they are well and that they have everything that they need. When Mary Todd asked for money, she assumed that Abraham will send it, which means that Abraham tends to their needs just like he oversees the needs of everyone. after reading the letter, it can be concluded that the study of primary documents is important because it conveys a lot about the writer of the letter and the intended recipient.

Communication Methods in the Organizations Essay

Communication Methods in the Organizations - Essay ExampleAn advantage of this means of conference is that the response from either party in the conversation is instant and one which expresses their feelings better. However, the downside of it is that the method whitethorn not be effective where a lot of people atomic number 18 involved, for example, a large-sized organization. Meetings involve a group of people who exchange ideas in a collective fashion where the leaders (management) outlines the topic and pedagogy whereas the participants are allowed to air their views and opinions thereafter. An advantage of this type of communication is that it allows more collaboration and inclusion of better ideas. This is because the contact of employees pull up stakess them with a platform to contribute their ideas which are essential in formulating a better strategy. However, a damage of meetings is that they tend to waste a lot of valuable time, especially where a large number of com peting voices are involved. Memos are usually short forms of communication utilize in a majority of companies today. Typically, memos are used when the management aims to make announcements regarding events or other activities expected to take place within the organization. An advantage of employ memo is that they help to relay the information in a simple, straightforward and precise fashion. This helps to save a lot of valuable time for both the management and employees. A disadvantage of memos, however, is that they lack the scope to provide detailed information and thus they could be a source of confusion if the information provided is not precise clear. The use of emails has grown in popularity in the recent past as one of the crucial forms of communication in organizations. The main advantage of using emails is that they are low-costing compared to other forms such as the telephone and postage. However, a disadvantage of using emails is that it might not be an appropriate me thod for communicating with employees who have brusque knowledge.

Historical Analysis of the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 Research Paper

Historical Analysis of the pulverisation Plot of 1605 - Research Paper ExampleThis guide to Queen Elizabeths attempts towards religious tolerance which failed. The end result was a deep dissatisfaction amongst Catholics in England which culminated in the Gunpowder Plot to assassinate pansy James. Supremacy and Uniformity Act & Penal Law in the 1500s England encountered the reclamation in the era of Henry VIII who passed the Act of Supremacy of 1534 which made the Crown take everyplace the English Church from Pope1. This was due to some fundamental disagreement concerning monogamy and his desire to divorce his unite woman which was unapproved by the Pope. Due to this, the Church was deeply divided. The Uniformity Act of 1534 required all priests in England to believe an oath to the King of England and not to the pope. Notable bishops and priests refused to do this and they were executed. This included John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester who refused to swear allegiance to the King of England. The society was thitherfore divided between the Catholics, who were influenced by the need to remain loyal to the Pope and capital of Italy and the Anglicans who had decided to swear allegiance to the King of England. Also, the wind of Protestantism was blowing in Britain because many breakaway groups like the Calvinists and different such groups were in effect(p)y operational in the country. The Protestants demanded a total breakaway from the Catholic Church and full derecognition of the Pope. However, the Anglicans maintained some of the traditions of the Catholic Church. Since the King had supreme power and authority, he managed to make important changes and reforms to the Anglican Church. He went further and married several women and had different children who were all capable of taking over from him. later his death in 1547, Henry VIII was replaced by Edward VI who reigned in 1553. Edward VIs mother was Jane Seymour and was a Protestant. He repealed six articles o f the Uniformity Act and integrated some elements of Calvinism. Queen Mary took over in 1553 after(prenominal) the death of Edward VI. Marys mother was Catherine of Aragon. She was a Roman Catholic and she promoted Catholicism in England during her reign. She defied all odds and married her cousin, Philip from Spain and this really angered many leaders in England who saw this as a major remember to Catholicism. Marys reign was said to be very bloody because she took so many steps to suppress Protestants and other views. In her reign, she burnt 300 people at the stake and this furthered her effort to return the country to its Catholic roots2. When Elizabeth I took over from Mary in 1558, there had been two important transitions ahead of her reign. Elizabeth I was the young lady of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn and was the last Tudor to reign. At this point, the different religious had emerged. This included the Catholics, Protestants, and Anglicans. Within these sects, there were ext reme groups and ideologies that sought to control affairs of the state in a more holistic manner. In order to celebrate tensions in her reign, Elizabeth II passed the Act of Supremacy3. This was a kind of religious settlement that was meant to prevent further violence and promote national unity/stability. This Act canceled the pro-Catholic laws of Mary and the King/Queen of England was to pay back the head of the Anglican Church. People taking high public office were required to swear to the Queen.

To Elsie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

To Elsie - Essay Example just by the end of the first stanza I realized that Williams was in fact speaking of a divergent kind of pure - that is the inbreeding within families, especi anyy in rural areas, that cr dischargees physical and mental monstrosities. I approximation of a group of teenagers I had met from West Virginia who clearly were an example of this purity gone wrong.The description of tee shirt fits in with the same vision. on that point is obviously a lot of energy among these devil-may-care men and the new slatterns, but it is almost like the energy of pigs rutting in mud. They mate a lot and reproduce they eat a lot and so grow big - but there is nothing pleasant active either process. The idea of the girls submitting to the physical advances of the men without emotion save numbed terror gave me a vision of quantify in my own life sentence when sex occurred as an accident or through the effect of drink. There is nothing romantic or loving about these people, and Williams made me think about my own life in a way that I usually avoid because of the conclusions that will be drawn from the examination. end-to-end the poem I wondered who the Elsie was that is referred to in the title, and eventually I discovered that it was the handicapped nursemaid who works in the doctors house. Once again the woman is a symbol of a kind of disgusting promiscuity, fertility and still also physical handicap and weakness. As Williams writes of her great ungainly hips and flopping breasts I saw numerous women that I have seen and known who fitted this description. Williams does seem somewhat one-dimensional in his dismissal of the physical shape and spirit of a pregnant woman or mother.The image of pigs returned again as he wrote of as if the populace under our feet were an excrement of some sky and that we are, like the pigs, destined to find food among our own extravagance products. Yet near the end of the play I was reminded that in fact human beings are much than this, because we do possess imagination. While the prisoners that Williams speaks of may have to strain their imagination to make it work, and enchantment the effort seems futile within the world as the poet sees it, the imagination does exist nevertheless. Within imagination there is something positive, hinted at by the isolate flecks from which something is given off.To conclude, To Elsie is a powerful poem that effected me in many different ways. The images that Williams used were often unpleasant, but will remain in my mind for a long time. He reflects a certain reaction at the grossness of the world that exists within all of us at times, including me. Yet near the end of the poem he reminds us that there should be something more. It is this something that the poem reminded me of.

Cause and Effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Cause and Effect - Essay ExampleNevertheless, the greatest brunt of it is felt for the most part in developing countries. The p all overty levels also differ from one region to a nonher, mainly collectible to unfair distribution of national wealth. This is mainly app arnt in developed countries where need is rife just now in secluded areas. However, the effect of meagerness in developing nations is felt almost everywhere. Royce (2009) reported that an individual whitethorn be born in a society where poverty is already rife or be overcome by poverty due to unfortunate occurrences, such as job loss, disease, and bankruptcy among others. Nevertheless, more than studies have been conducted in an attempt to unearth the causes and effects of poverty all over the world. This paper result explore the causes and problems that result from poverty. Background Poverty is a social crisis which affects every part of the society and culture. It pertains to a situation where an individual o r a society has low income, resulting in illiteracy due to the inadequacy of proper access to education, health care, markets, and decision making authority. Its effects also include lack of common facilities, such as proper sanitation, transport system, water and roads, and proper communication links. It is reported that more than half(a) of the world is poor, with batch living on less than 2.50USD a day. This figure is put at over 3 billion people. The same report also reveals that out of the 3 billion people touch on by poverty, over 1 billion are children. The statistics found out that about 640 live in dilapidated shelters or have none at all 400 million are not accessible to safe water while 270 million cannot access health services. In Hobson and Boll (2004) it is also revealed that more than 10.6 million children below the age of five succumbed to poverty in 2003. Areas with high levels of poverty Economic research shows that poverty is rife mainly in developing countr ies of the world. The areas which are mainly affected include Africa, India, sec Asia, and South America. This does not mean that developed countries as the US are not affected by poverty since even these countries do have destitute people who live under deplorable conditions due to poverty. Royces survey (2009) also shows that its effects are mainly felt in the rural areas. Causes of poverty Poverty is caused by several factors in economy. One is over world, in which very high number of people competes for few sources available. This is one of the reasons why a country like India ranks among countries where poverty rates are high. For instance, the population of India is said to be over a billion people. However, the available resources are not able to detain this entire population thereby rendering others poor (Hobson and Boll, 2004). Corruption. Corruption has also been singled out as a major cause of poverty. This is because it leads to unequal distribution of national wealth. In addition, it leads to mismanagement of public funds which only goes to the hands of a few leaving many other citizens poor. Royce (2009) emphasizes that this has been witnessed in many countries, such as Nigeria which ranks top in terms of corruption. Unemployment. High rate of unemployment is also a leading cause of poverty across the world. Employment is one way of creating wealth in a country. This means that when there are

Relevance of integrated transport policies and accessibility Essay

Relevance of integrated transport policies and accessibility strategies in the development of tourism - Essay ExampleConsequently, there are article key factors for successful holiday and tourism creation transport provision. There is need for rethinking transport policy by choosing a demand-oriented approach and realizing the importance of redundant accompanying efforts in the areas of marketing, transparency and quality. Focusing on the demand side, with its individual attitudes and likings, leads to a new spirit of handicraft preparation by adopting a bottom up, instead of a top down approach.phaeton places consist of a range of products and services, which the tourist guzzles, usually at the point of production. Along with these, transport is oftentimes ignored, despite the highly important input it makes to the overall tourism product both as a catalyst, providing access to and from the destination, and as a provider of tourist mobility around the desired area. The contribu tion of good indispensable convenience to destination quality and pleasure is progressively more being recognized. However, a lack of lucidity regarding the division of responsibility amidst various destination stakeholders often affects the delivery of quality transport for tourism and leisure purposes. Moreover, there is a lack of detailed research on tourists as users of transport networks, with the turn out that attempts to furnish for this market may be at best poorly knowledgeable, at worst mistaken. At the same time, it is increasingly obvious that visitor destinations are under pressure to cope with large amounts of traffic and overcrowding, in urban areas as well as rural. (Smith, Robinson, 2006)Brighton is a town on the south sailing of England and with its neighbor Hove forms the city of Brighton and Hove. The ancient settlement of Brighthelmston dates before the Domesday Book in 1086 but it emerged as a health resort during the 18th Century and in 1841, it became a desired place for day-trippers after the reach of the railway. Brighton experienced rapid population growth reaching over 160,000 by 1961. Modern Brighton is stretching on the coast, with a population of around 480,000. 8 million tourists every year visit Brighton. The town as well as has a substantial business conference industry. Brighton has two universities and a medical school.The arrival of the railway in 1841 brought Brighton within the reach of tourists from London and population growth from around 7,000 in 1801 to over 120,000 by 1901. The overnice era buildings of many major attractions including the Grand Hotel built in 1864, the West Pier in 1866and the castling Pier in 1899. (Bullen, 2005)The land area of Brighton increased from 1,640acres(7km) in 1854 to 14,347acres(58km) in 1952, after boundary changes between 1873 and 1952. New trapping estates were established in the acquired areas including Moulsecoomb, Bevendean, Coldean and Whitehawk. The major expansion of 1928 also incorporated the villages of Patcham, Ovingdean and Rottingdean, and much council housing was built in parts of Woodingdean after the Second World War. Recently, gentrification of much of Brighton has seen a return of the dashing image which characterised the growth of the Regency period. Recent housing in the North Laine, has been designed in keeping with the area. In 1997 Brighton and Hove were joined to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove, which was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II as part of the millennium celebrations

Determining the Rate Equation of a Reaction Essay Example for Free

Determining the tempo Equation of a Reaction EssayThe aim of this experiment is to determine the position equation for the reply between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric venereal disease using the order of the reaction with watch over to each of the reagents.HCl (aq) + Na2S2O3 (aq) 2NaCl (aq) + SO2 (g) + S (s)When Hydrochloric acid is added to sodium thiosulphate, a solid ppt of sulphur is formed. I allow for use this to judge when the reaction has ended.The rate equation for this reaction isR = k HClx Na2S2O3yIn this equationR = the rate of reactionk = the rate constantx and y = order of reaction with keep to HCl and Na2S2O3 (e. g. 0, 1, 2 etc)HCl = the ingress of HClNa2S2O3 = the concentration of Na2S2O3My experiment will enable me to calculate x and y through plotting the majority against the reciprocal of the period it takes for the ppt to form.Preliminary workThe demonstration done by my teacher show that 50 cm3 of thiosulphate and 20 cm3 of deionised pissing mixed with 5cm3 of hydrochloric acid took 14.93 seconds to form the ppt. I will use this as a guide to conciliate which set of concentrations I will use to get a reasonable clip which I empennage plot.When I implement my plan, I will plot my results. Using the shape of the graph, I will indeed deduce the order of the reaction. The following graphs show the shapes I should get for each order of a reaction. I am not ever- changing the volume of hydrochloric acid because I want to test the effect of changing the concentration of the sodium thiosulphate to be able to find out the order of the reaction with respect to the sodium thiosulphate.Apparatus* White tile with X in the middle. I will house my reacting solution on this white tile and time until the cross can no longer be seen.* Stop pale to time the experiment* Stirring rod* 5 cm3 meter cylinder to measure the hydrochloric acid* ii 50 cm3 burette to measure the deionised piss and the sodium thiosulphate as it is more acc urate than a measuring cylinder.* One 250 cm3 conical flask into which I will mix my reagents* Two funnels to full my burettes, which I will remove before looking at the meniscus.* I will be supplied with deionised water, HCl and Na2S2O3Concentrations knead 1Run 2Run 3Run 4Run 5Na2S2O3 (cm3)5045403530Deionised Water (cm3)2035303540VariablesFixed independentDependentTemperature the experiment will be done at room temperature. I will simplicity the temperature because changing the temperature miscellanys the rate which will affect me results.Concentration of HCl I will keep this constant because I can only change the concentration of one reagent to see the effect this has on the rate. If I change both reagents I will not be able to tell the order of the reaction is with respect to which reagent.The white tile and cross changing this might affect my profile of the cross and the time.Total volume I will keep this the same to ensure a fair experiment and the same visibility due to sma ller volumes being more shallow and I might see the ppt at assorted times.My independent variable is the volume of the sodium thiosulphate. By altering the volume and adding deionised water, I am changing the concentration. This will enable me to observe how this will affect the rate of the reactionThe dependent variable is the time taken for the cross to disappear.Method1. fill one of the 50 cm3 burette with sodium thiosulphate and the other with deionised water using the funnel and remove funnel before looking at meniscus. The bottom of the meniscus should be on the zero line.2. measure into the conical flask the exact amount stated in the put back above of the sodium thiosulphate and the water for run 1.3. measure using the 5 cm3 cylinder 5 cm3 of HCl.4. place the conical flask on the white tile with the cross5. add the hydrochloric acid and start the stop consonant time.6. stir the mixture briefly.7. look at the conical flask from the top and stop the stop clock as soon as t he cross is no longer visible.8. write the time taken in the table.9. repeat steps 1-8 for the other runs.I will then convert the times into rates by doing 1/t. this will go along my y-axis. The volume of the sodium thiosulphate will go along the x-axis. found on the shape of my graph I will then decide what the order of the reaction is with respect to the sodium thiosulphate.SafetyChemicalHazardsHClSolutions equal to or stronger than 2 mol dm-3 but weaker than 6.5 mol dm-3 ar IRRITANT.Na2S2O3Sodium thiosulphate may be harmful if you swallow it. It may in addition irritate the eyes or lungs.Eye contact Flush the eye with plenty of water. If irritation persists, call for medical help.Skin contact Wash off with water.If swallowed If the amount swallowed is not trivial, call for medical help.SO2Major hazard Inhalation fragrance Pungent and IrritatingSContact with the eyes can cause irritation. The solid may also irritate the lungs if breathed in.Sulphur burns to give toxic gases, so should not be burned-out in the open laboratory. Wear safety glasses. Solid sulphur should pose only minor hazards unless het up(p) to a temperature at which it will burn. Safety glasses required.NaClMay cause eye irritation.Referencehttp//www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/Chemistry/Miscellenous/Helpfile/Kinetics/Rateorder.htmChemistry 2 Cambridge Advanced Sciences Endorsed by OCR page 109http//physchem.ox.ac.uk/hmc/hsci/chemicals/sodium_thiosulphate.html

Presumption of Innocence Essay Example for Free

Presumption of honor EssayIn a approach of law everyone is presumed innocent until stird guilty by a judge and/or a jury consisting of their peers. This is the basis of the presumption of innocence article. There are many cases that we can look at in order to provide a detailed explaination to this clause. The one the we testament review in this paper is the Casey Anthony case. This is a perfect case to review for this cause. The Presumption of honour clause involves the fifth and fourteenth ammendments which willing be further explained. When we are dealing with people or are thought to be guilty of any crime we need to remember this clause and give them the derive of the doubt that they actually did not commit the crime until we can prove that they actually did. This paper will dispute all of these things and more to provide people with a better understanding of the Presumption of Innocence clause.Presumption of innocence is defined as the government always has the b urden to justify its use of tycoon even against people who turn out to be guilty. (Samaha,p481) This basically means that it is the prosecutions responsibility to present severalize and to convince a jury that a criminal is guilty of the crime in question. A hazard in any crime should be considered innocent until proven guilty in a court of law. When a person is arrested we automatically assume that they are guilty of whatever crime they hold affiliated just have you ever seen someone get arrested and be released after their trial was over because a jury found them not guilty? I believe everyone has witnessed this occurance. We may not like to discuss it but they Casey Anthony case is a big case that deals with this.Casey Anthonywas arrested and tried for the murder of her daughter Caylee Anthony in 2008. turn out used to detain Anthony included a nine inch pitch of hair obtained from the trunk of Anthonys car, a prestigious scientist found an abundant level of chloroform in the trunk of Anthonys car, The piece of hair found in the trunk was proven to be that of Caylee Anthony as well as proven to be that of a postmorteum Caylee, and a rare kind of duct tape that was found on Caylees body was also found within the Anthony family garage. There was so much evidence proving her guilt but a jury found her not guilty due to lack of hard evidence.The jurors for this case cherished more evidence against her that they did not receive from the prosecution, in which is the reasoning behind finding her not guilty. person-to-personly I think she did kill her daughter or had some part in the killing. again that is my personal opinion but some people think she is definitely innocent. There is never a incontestable way of knowing whether or not that person is guilty unless there is hard evidence to prove it or the criminal was caught in the act and everything has to be right on point.I do not think that there is ever going to be a sure way to prove a person guil ty upon their arrest because in order to do so we would have to honestly have a group of peers look upon any given case and say that the person is definitely guilty. Again that will never happen The only crimes that I believe is an absolute guilty is driving date intoxicated or knowingly driving with a suspended or revoked license. There is really no way in being innocent when you are caught for these crimes. All in all just active everyone that gets arrested should be considered innocent until proven guilty in a court of law.ReferencesSamaha, J. , 2011, Criminal Law (Tenth Edition), Wadsworth Cengage skill Summary of Casey Anthony Murder Trial, 2011, The Caylee Daily

The New Frontier for Fresh Foods Supermarkets Essay Example for Free

The brisk Frontier for Fresh Foods Supermarkets EssayThey are highly dealing on cleanliness, healthy and safety. They are face-off the highly guest quality demands. Fresh take on collaborated with Automation Associates, Inc. (AAI), a leading provider of poser solutions for the global supply chain, to help build and improve operations efficiency in, Long Island City, New York. AAIs flow rate project enables Fresh indicate to determine ultimate capacity of its current facility and establish poetic rhythm that will signal request for a second location.With its simulation software, AAI will assist Fresh Direct with detailed performance analysis for the facility design, including all internal product movement, packing and shipping equipment, and activities. accord to Randall Gibson, president and founder of AAI, by continuously working with a client, AAI can stimulate a silver-tongued model and adjust it for the clients operational changes and growth. Fresh Direct clearly appreciates this value and relies on simulation copy and analysis as a strategic operations provision tool.With our latest modeling efforts, Fresh Direct will be able to determine specific facility upgrades that can double the total day-after-day order volume. The strengths and weaknesses in reference to the companys diversity initiatives are Political Factors-Fresh Directs performance is bow by political and legislative conditions in those countries, including the European Union (EU). For labor law, the government encourages retailers to offer a combination of use opportunities for flexible jobs, lower wages and local basis a highly skilled, break paid and central.Fresh Direct believes that retail trade has a large impact on employment and the factors of people, being an inherently local industry and labor intensive. Economical Factors-The international business continues to grow, the company frame highly dependent on the U. S. A market. However, Fresh Direct would be serio usly affected by a slowdown in the market for U. S. A Social Factors-Current trends indicate that U. S customers have travel to the single and bulk purchases, which is due to social changes. Demographic changes such as aging factor, the increase of women employees and a decrease in preparing meals at home means that U.S. A retailers focuses on value-added products amp services. Consumers are more and more aware of health problems, and attitudes toward food constantly changing. Technological Feature- New technologies benefit both customers and company increases customer satisfaction as the assets are available, services can be more personalized and more convenient. The commercialized launch of the Efficient Consumer Response, the initiative provided that change as this company is dealing, with online services, it is necessary for the company to focus on latest technology.The steps Vivian Noble should take to recruit and develop a new work baron are to find strong applicants who fi t in with the companys culture and goals. She will need to make sure that human resources pay attention to laws and civil rights when hiring new employees. She should research and learn about(predicate) Phoenix, and what people are in needs of jobs. She may want to reach out to college career fairs, earnings sites, newspapers, community centers, and minority organizations.She needs to find people who match the companys personality and goals to create a positive relationship within the store. She should make sure she keeps the senior managers involved in planning the recruitment activities. She should set up a training program that is mandatory for the recruiters. The training program should acknowledge information on hiring procedures, interview techniques, affirmative employment goals, and appropriate questions and behavior (Building and Maintaining a Diverse and amply Quality Workforce).

Logistic Trend in Asean Countries Essay Example for Free

logisticalal Trend in Asean Countries EssayASEAN logistic Trend and Preferences ASEAN logistic trend and preferences have been dramatically changing since the worlds economy and merchandise growth have been shifting toward ASEAN countries. However, the elevated logistic be among these countries are unable to promote high quality and wide range of logistic good to world-wide clients. Still, these countries acquire to eliminate the high woo to provide customer satisfaction and being cost efficiency.The inefficiency of logistic in ASEAN countries, particularly Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand, is mainly due to lack of skilled and professional personnel, insufficient support of facilities and al-Qaida which kitty raise defect the movement of cargos and distribution goods. For example, in Singapore has professional skilled workforce, high quality and wide range of logistic services, highly efficient logistics operations and excellent infrastructure and info system had l ead to more sustainable bring out chains and cost dominance.Unlike Singapore, some of the Asian countries essential build the use upments to meet supply chains efficiency. Especially Thailand wants to become a regional conveying center Thailand must modify its infrastructure linkages to connect with neighboring countries. On the other(a) hand, these countries must be proactive to take avail of its location because this is a golden opportunity. To provide cost saving and pliant abide by added services, these countries must take initiative changes and improvement to proof that they are capable of offering logistic efficiency.Meanwhile, these counties must increase the quality of its reliability of inventory management and order fulfillment . i. e they must keep up with the effective and efficient logistic service. To fulfill the customers order, the logistic service in these countries must know the right product, right quantity, right condition, right place, right time, and right customer at the right cost. Focusing on existing network coverage is as well as a mainstay to success in logistic management for these countries because it is a very important criterion where company can attract international trade customers.It is most likely that transportation is the most outsourcing logistic activity at inbound and outbound supply chain. Other out bound logistic activities are warehousing which is value added service, packaging, and labeling. Transportation, warehousing, incubus forwarding must be managed well in order to provide cost effectiveness and high quality logistic service which can achieve high customer satisfaction. Finding tally Chain Solutions Technology can help individual to improve their supply chains, cost efficient, high productivity, and customer satisfaction.Technologies nowadays are so advanced that they can provide any possible solution for supply chains and productions. The latest software offers to promote demand planning, advan ced planning and advanced scheduling. They can also minimize the wastage and maximize productivity level at lower long term operation costs with high quality. Nowadays, many of the manufacturer and enterprise use technology to increase their revenue. When comes to warehousing, technology can improve performance efficiency by calculating the right storage at the right space, minimizing defective or expired product, delay and maximizing efficiency.In considering the huge quantity and diverse categories of products, holding costs and production costs must be managed with the right method. Implying low cost and random selection of inefficient storage could cause delay delivery, cost of lost of sales, the transportation of goods, and high incidence of missing stock. To avoid these barriers, the most up to dated computer software is available to assist the logistic manager to track delivery, freight forwarding, order fulfillment and ultimately customer service.When the company decided to set up a plan, he must take into account of transportation cost. It must meet customers accepts and cost effective, and order fulfillment at any situation. So it requites to consider locations of plants and market place, actual distance of linkages, absolute frequency of delivery, number of routes, volume of goods, product categories, and on time delivery. Supplier Development When it comes to business, all managers must be proactive and innovative. They also need to build and keep loyal and close relationship with their supplier.On the other hands, in the market economy system, everyone is supplier in one way or another. So having unmarried supplier is not smart choice to play the game in the free market. Having one or few suppliers can cause not only limited control but also threats to the business. Thus, the scoop out ways to be proactive and cost effective is having multiple sources or supplier which provides lowers costs, and innovation. But need inspection to monitor the quality. In order to do so, the companies should be able to outsource its production.In outsourcing, it is most likely to reduce the fixed cost and other costs. So developing alternative sources for raw material, manufacturing, or transpiration is likely to account for value chain. A smart business man would construct the strategic sources of supplier to avoid risks. Then they are willing to keep closed relationship with major suppliers by compact to share costing, investment, and long term agreements. It is true that building loyal supplier relationship is competitive advantage in logistic management. Targeting New Potential MarketMuslims world is becoming next target for logistic services considering the estimated 1. 7 billion consumers across the world. Now, it is time for the manufacturer and logistic service provider to refine among the Muslims. The consumer needs and wants Halal that they can trust and rely on. Thus, the Halal compliance should be addressed to the sourcing and distribution because this is a emf opportunity for the logistic to accumulate as a new mega trend. As the opportunity and benefits seem to be huge, the investment is also a large one.To provide perfect logistic service, it is require understanding the market, culture, religion, way of consumption point and behavior in Muslims societies. The new standardization is compulsory in inters of supply chain which is material and information flows through manufacturing, transportation, storage, warehousing, distribution. So, the companies must select the targeted location of production and distribution, point and conduct the new standards, control high quality and safety of food to gain huge potential growth of market.

Raw Materials as Biofuel Pellets Essay Example for Free

Raw Materials as Biofire Pellets EssayIn the Philippines, forests and woodlands cover about 7,168,400 hectares (http//forestry.denr.gov.ph). These forests sop up unique environmental and biodiversity levers, and make available a wide range of products for subsistence part. The most predominant use of wood is in the form of firewood and charcoal by the majority of Filipinos in both rural and urban areas. Firewood is preferred in rural areas simply because it is obtainable free of charge. Charcoal is preferred in urban areas on account of its being cheap, easy to transport, distri just nowe and store. It is almost smokeless and has higher calorific value A(30 MJ/kg) than firewood (15MJ/kg).But according to the U.N. FAO (2003), the woodlands have experienced highest rates of degradation and deforestation compared to other cover classes. This could be attributed to selective cutting for timber and clear felling of trees for both charcoal toil and goal. Charcoal production is accountable for degradation and deforestation.Between 1990 and 2010, the Philippines lost an average of 54,750 ha or 0.83% of forested area per year. Charcoal production and cultivation have an impact on large-scale deforestation that has occurred in the area between 1991 and 1998.Philippine governance is also in trouble as environmental sanitation is concerned. Waste materials in markets or point in public places continually piled up every other day when it is not fetched by a garbage truck. These yen materials are primarily composed of coconut meat shells in markets, ingest subject in schools and offices, sieve hulls in agricultural remains and sawdust, a waste product produce in the forest shops. This consider was conducted to hack the percentage breakdown of deforestation which would soon contribute to the prevalent global warming.Since waste materials such as coconut shells, sieve hulls, sawdust and wastepaper are totally organic and may seem useful at metres, we ca me up on using it as a primary comp mavinnt in making Biofuel at change formulations. This way, the researchers can help in preserving the environmental balance of the ecosystem and at the same time, to come up with a cheap, easy-drying and a highly combustible fuel for household fuel The Biofuel Pellets.Statement of the ProblemThis prove aimed to date whether different formulations of coconut shells, rice hulls, sawdust and wastepapercan be a viable source of Biofuel in the form of Pellets. specific ObjectivesThis take apart specifically aimed to answer the following inquiries 1. To mold the thawing values of each raw materials to be utilise in making the biofuel shafts. 2. To interpret the heating values of the biofuel dead reckonings at varying coconut shells rice hull sawdust wastepaper ratios and the wood charcoal as the positive control. 3. To determine if on that point is a significant deflection on the heating value of preparation 1, Formulation 2, Formulation 3, Formulation 4 and the positive control. 4. To determine the relationship between the size and the heating value of varying formulations and the positive control.5. To determine the boiling time of biofuel guessworks when biofuel pellets at varying formulations and wood charcoal are used as fuels. 6. To determine if there is a significant difference on the boiling time of Formulation 1, Formulation 2, Formulation 3, Formulation 4 and the positive control. 7. To determine the relationship between the size and the boiling time of varying formulations and the positive control. 8. To determine the assiduousness of biofuel pellets at varying formulations and the wood charcoal. 9. To determine if there is a significant differenceon the density of Formulation 1, Formulation 2, Formulation 3, Formulation 4 and the positive control. 10. To determine the relationship between the size and the density of varying formulations and the positive control.Hypothesis of the StudyThis study aimed to determine whether the mixture of waste paper products and materials, and coconut shell can be a viable source of bioethanol. Specifically, this study aimed to determine if there is an existing significant difference, in terms of the percentage of bioethanol produced, between the beautiful waste paper mixture, pure pulverise coconut shell, and 11 ratio mixture of waste paper and pulverized coconut. This study hypothesized that there will be no existing significant difference, in terms of the percentage of bioethanol produced, between the pure waste paper mixture, pure pulverized coconut shell, and 11 ratio mixture of waste paper and pulverized coconut.Schematic DiagramIn hooklike Variables Dependent VariablesFormulation 1150g coconut shells, 150g rice hull 150g, saw dust, 50g paperFormulation 2225g coconut shells, 112.5g rice hull, 112.5g sawdust, 50g waste paper turn Time(minutes)Formulation 3112.5g coconut shells, 225g rice hull, 112.5g saw dust, 50g waste paper yearning Tim e(minutes)Formulation 4112.5g coconut shells, 112.5g rice hull, 225g saw dust, 50g waste paperDensity(g/ mL) supreme GroupWood CharcoalFigure 1.A diagram showing the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variablesSignificance of the StudyThe findings of this study would greatly benefit the various sectors, primarily the following Community Residences. Since it takes a lot of time to dry those wood charcoal that is traditionally used by countless homes in the community, this study could be a good source of an alternative fuel in household preparedness chores. First, it is well-accessible to use anytime, with less worries of its dryness when used and lastly, it could be conveniently used in any cooking activities because of its high combustibility, since Biofuel pellets are primarily composed of combustible materials. Energy Sector.The promising friendly fuel from biofuel production could help the energy deficit of the energy sector thus sustaining not onl y the demand of the consumers but also the need of the environment to have a green and amicable energy source. Environmental Sector. This study could help reduce the amount of pollution to the environment by simply using organic waste products and converting it into an environment friendly source of fuel. Other Researchers. This study could benefit other researchers by using this study as a reference for future researches.Scope and Limitation of the StudyThis study was conducted on July 12, 2012 until appalling 4, 2012 at the Negros Occidental High School Physics and Chemistry Laboratory. The waste materials that were used in this study were coconut shells, rice hulls, sawdust and wastepaper. The coconut shells were obtained from different stalls at Libertad Market, rice hulls were from Agricultural waste during post-harvest, and sawdust was from lumber shops while the Wastepaper was a total combination of that in Offices and Schools. The study limited itself in the determination o f the heating values and the most effective formulation of waste materials that could be a viable alternative for wood charcoals. In addition, this study did not include the cost analysis based from the probable costs that may arise during the experimentation process. However, utmost economic optimization was employed during the materials selection and Biofuel pellets production.Definition of TermsBoiling time. Allotted time in which phase transition of the substance turns from the liquid state to the gas state, ordinarily occurring when a liquid is heated to its boiling point (http//chemistry.about.com). In this study, boiling point was used as one of the parameters of this study. Burning Time.the time during which the propellant charge of a fuel is fully consumed (merriam-webster.com). In this study, the vehement time was used as one of the parameters during the experimentation of the study.Coconut. A member of the family Arecaceae (palm family). It is the only evaluate species in the genus Cocos. The term coconut can refer to the entire coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which is not a botanical nut (apps.kew.org). In this study, the coconut was one of the raw materials in the process of fuel pellet production. Density.The quantity of something per unit measure, especially per unit length, area, or account book or the mass per unit volume of a substance under specified conditions of pressure and temperature (thefreedictionary.com) In this study, density was used as one of the parameters during the experiment.Fuel Pellets. A piece of fuel usually in the shape of a sphere or cylinder, used in pebble-bed reactors, inserted in graphite blocks, or used in metallic tubular fuel elements (www.thefreedictionary.com). In this study, fuel pellets was the product of the study conducted. Heating Value. Amount of heat produced from the complete combustion of a specific amount of fuel (www.businessdictionary.com). In this study, heating value was used as one of th e parameters in this study. Rice hull.The dry outer covering of a rice grain a husk (www.thefreedictionary.com).In this study, the rice hull was pulverized and used as one of the materials in the process of fuel pellet production. Sawdust. The small particles of wood or other material that fall from an object being sawed (http//education.yahoo.com). In this study, sawdust was used as one of the raw materials for the fuel pellet production. Waste papers.Paper that is not needed and has been thrown away (Encarta Dictionaries, 2008). In this study, the waste paper was used as a raw material for fuel pellet production.

A Process Oriented Approach to Waiting Line Management in a Large Pilgrimage Center in India Essay Example for Free

A Process Oriented Approach to Waiting Line Management in a Large Pilgrimage Center in India EssayThis article documents an innovative approach to negociate waiting line in the largest pilgrimage center in the world. By a judicious combination of process orientation and advances in Information Technology, the pilgrimage centers management has been able to dramatically change the pilgrims waiting experience.The pilgrimage location under contemplate is Tirumala located in Andhra Pradesh state in India. The number of visitors to this signifi butt jointt location has been steadily increasing over time. As of 2011, the location attracted approximately 30 to 40 trillion visitors a year. The primary objective of a pilgrim visiting Tirumala is to have darshan of the principle idol in the tabernacle. The indirect objectives include tonsure (shaving head as a mark of respect), offering donations, prasadam collection, thulabaram, arjitha seva (paid services), local sightseeing and sh opping.The Brobdingnagian popularity of the tabernacle and its location poses signifi push asidet contests to the management of the system. This synagogue is a tradition bound Institution. Therefore, some alternatives to crock up pilgrim waiting time be feasible and some are not. There are some severe constraints which may not stand the test of logic.The ability to manage the traffic volume is a blend in of processing rate (darshan duration) at the temple and darshan time available per day.This case study is an example of amend operational effectiveness by using formal management methods in addressing an important real intent problem in an under researched area.This pilgrimage center is located in the extension of Western Ghats and is popularly known as Tirumala. It is considered to be the abode of Lord Vishnu in the form of Venkateswara. The temple is the richest pilgrimage center, afterward the Sree Padmanabhaswamy tabernacle in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, of any faith (a t more than 50,000 crore) and the most-visited vex of worship in the world. This center attracts a large number of visitors from all over the country irrespective of their caste, religion, belief, neighborly status and professional affiliation. The temple is visited by about 50,000 to 100,000 pilgrims daily (30 to 40 million people annually on average), while on special occasions and festivals, like the annual Brahmotsavam, the number of pilgrims shoots up to 500,000, making it the most-visited holy place in the world.The temple is on Venkatadri ( similarly known as Venkatachala or Venkata Hill), the seventh peak, and is also known as the Temple of Seven Hills. Venkatadri, the hillock residing place of Lord Venkateswara is probably one of the oldest ghostly institutions in India. It is known to inhabit for over a period of 2000 years. It has a put down history of thousand years. Based on the recorded history, the rituals and daily routines in this sacred temple are being perfor med without a break for more than universal gravitational constant years. all over a period of time Venkatadri has evolved as an epicenter of Vaishnavism. Several prominent Hindu religious institutions either have established a presence in Venkatadri or have made this as place of their administrative headquarters. Today, Venkatadri is not only a religious institution, but it has also evolved as a social institution. It supports financially a group of thirty (higher) educational institutions. Its mission is to systematically promote the study of Vedas and Sanskrit literature. The temple also provides generous financial support for construction of similar temples (Venkateswara) elsewhere in the country.Over a period of 50 years, the number of visitors to the temple and the town has increased by eight fold. I960(2 million), 1970(4 million), 1980(7 million), 1990(11 million), 2000(16 million), 2010(30 million). much(prenominal) a huge traffic generates tremendous stress on the social a nd physical infrastructure of the temple down (Tirumala and Tirupati). Being a tradition bound organization, certain modifications (on procedure, layout etc.) are not acceptable. The devotees (exposed to modern social norms) who come to the temple expect a better service quality and shorter waiting time. Thus, the managerial challenge is to balance the tradition, operational efficiency and increasing pilgrim expectations.Activities in the temple and the town and their management need to be also seen from a religious perspective. There is a divine dispensation in the institution, which may not be tinkered with in whatever modification(s) that are made in the facilities redesign and management of activities.MethodologyThe product and its speech communicationPilgrims from all over the country fix in the temple town. Usually they reach the foothill which is known as Tirupati. The mode of transport is rail, road (public or private transport) and air. Having reached Tirupati, those who have their own transport directly affect to Tirumala. Some spend a few hours in sightseeing and visiting other temples and religious locations in and around Tirupati.The distance in the midst of Tirupati and Tirumala is 19Kms. Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC) operates regular services between Tirumala and Tirupati. The round trip is about 2.5 hours including waiting time at both the boarding points.Having reached Tirumala, the pilgrims look for a suitable accommodation. There are about 5000 cottages owned and managed by TTD for pilgrims convenience. After (a brief) resting, pilgrims go for tonsure (there are 500 barbers who operate on a 3 shift basis 15,000 tonsures are done in a day). The annual revenue from export of hair (from tonsure) is Rs. 100 million. Following tonsure pilgrims go for a wash and bath in the holy tank in the middle of the temple town and then(prenominal) join the queue for darshan. Some pilgrims on arrival at Tirumala directly join t he darshan queue and after the darshan visit the tonsure centre, take a bath in the holy tank and departure to their place of residence.There are 32 waiting compartments to house pilgrims while they await darshan. The average capacity of these compartments is 500. about(predicate) 17,000 pilgrims can be held in waiting at any time. The average waiting time for darshan can vary between 2-12 hours depending on the day and season. There is tremendous uncertainty as when darshan would happen. There is also anxiety as how long is the wait. There is no (accurate) information to the pilgrims on what is ahead. Because of the commitment to the pilgrimage process, several(prenominal) pilgrims go through this tedious experience with reverence and patience.Finally on a FIFO basis, pilgrims arrive in front of the deity. The actual darshan lasts for about 1.5 to 2 seconds. However, the pilgrims can have a view of the deity from a distance of 30 meters from the main entrance. The travel time is about 45 seconds. Actually, the passage towards darshan admits a file of 6 or 7 columns of pilgrims to go through the darshan process simultaneously.After the darshan the pilgrims donate property at the Hundi, equivalent of donation box, located inside as well as outside the temple and then leave the temple premises. The Hundi collection is about Rs. 2000 million a year. Often, they stand in some other queue to receive free laddu (there are several counters that sell laddu). Approximately, 75,000 laddus are sold in a day. In view of demand and supply gap, there is rationing and restrictions on how many laddus a pilgrim can buy.Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanam (TTD) the administrative agency in charge of this temple provides free meal to about 25,000 persons in a day. After receipt of laddu(s) and a meal, the pilgrim returns to his cottage or wait for a transport to go Tirupati and afterward to his place of residence.

Romeo and Juliet Annotated Biboliography Essay Example for Free

Romeo and Juliet Annotated Biboliography EssayThis Shakespearean classic tells the tale of a young couple who top deeply in love finding themselves separated from their happily ever after by their familys century long conflict. Romeo and Juliet meet and immediately f every(prenominal) in love, their relationship progressing rapidly and living infra fear of their familys reactions they make panicky, over-stressed decisions and find themselves digging their grave deeper and deeper. Shakespeares inclusion of puns makes the play tactile sensation a bit lighter at times adding much needed humor to this tragedy plot of land his use of metaphors makes amplifies the romance and tension of the play. Setting the play in sixteenth-century Verona, Italy added to the drama and exotic nature of the play, present royalty, foreign laws and customs.This play will keep the reader interested while including characters you grow to love condescension their ignorance and often terrible decision s. Although the explanation is well written and contains a good blend of humor all readers must be warned, it is not a light read but instead stays alone true to its devastating genre. The levels of depth in personality applied to all characters involved gave it the romantic story line modern classics like Stephanie Myers Twilight dream of achieving. Although this book is a practically mandate read, because of the crude and somewhat gore-filled nature of the play I would suggest that it not be read to children downstairs thirteen or so.

Eliminating Genetically Modified Foods Essay Example for Free

Eliminating geneticalally Modified Foods EssayWhat comes to mind when reading the words genetic adaptation or Bacillus thurigiensis (abbreviated Bt)? I envision laboratories and science experiments, when in reality these words atomic number 18 related to the solid intellectual nourishment we eat any day. What to the highest degree Ameri green goddesss do non know is the threat that genetically circumscribed viands presents to our communities. PLU should do everything in its power to ensure that its students and faculty members are not exposed to genetically change pabulums and crops that have been protect through the engagement of Bt that has been artificially incorporated into crops, at least while eating on campus. We withal necessity to educate those individual(a)s ab bulge out the truths of genetic modification and how it can potentially harm the lives of our generation and those to come. later all, PLUs slogan is educating for lives of thoughtful inquiry, se rvice, leadership and care for new(prenominal) people for their communities and for the earth. If we can raise awareness of genetic modification on campus, we can ease spread the importance of eliminating it to the rest of our community.Researchers have lately found that genetically modified foods have more baggage than advertised, baggage such as the hazard of formation of allergies, exposure to toxins in herbicides, and a significant reduction in nutritional cherish. The genetic modification of crops began in the 1980s and has been growing in popularity ever since. In 1994, researchers successfully genetically modified tomatoes for benignant consumption. The genetic modification involved deleting a gene which produced the enzyme polygalacturonase which helps in fruit softening.This meant that the tomatoes could ripen on the vine precisely not spoil by the time they reached the store (Tomatoes). Tomatoes are no longer genetically modified, however are instead made to po stp unmatchable ripening when the green tomato is picked they are accordingly interpreted to a processing plant and artificially gassed with ethylene until they are the rosy-red skin t whizs of a ripe tomato (Estabrook p. x). Seeing the words gassed and ethylene in the same context as human consumption appears concerning. Unfortunately, more Americans are unaware of how their food has been treated when they are consuming it.Some produce is too upright to be true because they seem perfect, without a blemish or bruise, not to mention free from flavor. But, I now know that this is due to gasses that act as a sort of make-up. The tomatoes in PLUs ballpark are unsatisfactory in taste, but impeccable in terms of looks. This leads me to think that PLU is purchasing out of season, gassed tomatoes that are bred to be green, as opposed to better quality fundamentalally grown produce. This brings nutritional value into question. In a study conducted by the U. S.Department of Agriculture , nose candy grams of fresh tomato nowadays has 30 share less vitamin C, 30 percent less thiamin, 19 percent less niacin, and 62 percent less calcium than it did in the 1960s, not to mention fourteen times as oftentimes sodium (Estabrook p. x). Who would have thought that an individuals sky rocketing levels of sodium was not only from McDonalds french fries, but also from what they thought of as a healthy alternative, a tomato bought from the grocery store. Parents are inadvertently buying these tomatoes with the intention of feeding their children something healthy, but in reality they are creationness undermined by the U.S. countrified System. What really is genetic modification? It can be defined as organisms that have had specific changes introduced into their deoxyribonucleic acid by genetic applied science techniques (genetically Modified). According to Assistant Professor Romey Haberle, these types of genetic engineering techniques include the utilization of either a gene gun or a natural vector, which sounds just as atrocious as the ethylene gas previously stated. A gene gun is just that, a gun. Its settle is to inject cells with specific genetic information into plants or other cells.Natural vector is the usage of deoxyribonucleic acid cells as a means of transportation into a plants cells. The DNA cells contain other specific and modified cells that are foreign to the plant in which it is being injected. These two types of genetic engineering are used to produce specific plants that can have special immunities to certain insecticides, or plane to alter the crops general composition. Guns and natural vectors are the most common ways of studying and performing genetic modification in todays agricultural world.Bacillus thurigiensis (Bt) is an insecticide with unusual properties that make it useable for pest control in certain situations (W. S. Cranshaw). An insecticide is a poison designed for insects. In the previous(prenominal) it was usually sprayed over fields in an effort to reduce the amount of crops wooly-minded to insects. There has latterly been in increase in the amount of crops that have this toxin genetically modified to into its DNA, making it impossible to dust off or get rid of. Unfortunately, the crops resist the effectuate but the toxin is still present on crops as they grow and are picked.Bt works by producing proteins that react with the cells of the goats rue lining within insectsthese proteins then paralyze the digestive system, and the infected insect stops feeding within hours (W. S. Cranshaw). In short, Bt causes the insect to go out from starvation since their digestive tract is unable to digest. This makes me question the safety of using this product within propinquity of humans since it specifically attacks the gut lining of the digestive system. An unfortunate incident with Bt in the Philippines almost caused 100 members of a community to become ill.A crop within close proximity to their area of donjon had been sprayed with Bt. This crop was then pollinated, filling the air with pollen. The towns people began to show symptoms of headaches, dizziness, extreme contain pain, vomiting, chest pains, fever, and allergies plus respiratory, intestinal and skin reactions. Trying to get to the root of the problem, blood tests proved that 39 of the victims showed an anti-body response to the Bt-toxin. This means that the Bt toxin had traveled from the crops to their internal systems. Other villagers also encountered animal deaths from the same problems (Lendman p. 7).This shows that Bt is not sufficient for human consumption or human extend to. My concern is that PLU will purchase and serve food that has this same toxin present. Yes, the chances of this happening are rare, but we can eliminate the risk altogether by purchasing non-genetically modified produce that has not been exposed to the Bt toxin. PLUs dining services do a great subscriber line of offering fr esh and healthy foods for all meals of the day. Each menu is clearly labeled as to whether its food is all natural grown without fertilizers or pesticides, locally grown, vegan free from all animal products, vegetarian, or organic.However, organic is rarely seen. The most common labels seen are the locally grown and all natural labels, but it is usually only next to the grilled or sliced chicken breast. PLU should make an effort to move apart from genetically modified foods and begin advertising the elimination of engineered foods on the menus. We could do this by allotting more of our food budget to buying organically grown food. We know that to be labeled as organic a farm has to adapt to specific regulations such as not utilizing pesticides or other harmful preservatives and of course, to tarry away from genetically modified seeds or plants.I believe that most PLU students are aware of the benefits of organically grown produce but I do not think they are educated as to the be nefits of eating non-genetically modified foods. PLU recently had food and water seminars, these seminars present a perfect opportunity to blab and educate about the negatives of eating genetically modified food in order to educate them to help others and make the right decisions for our earth. nearly PLU students are interested in the environment and doing what we can to ensure sustainability, this includes the usage of harmful pesticides to our environment.By eating organic we can make a small impact in reducing the amount of non-organic produce bought and distributed. We also reduce the possibility of consuming these same pesticides that pose a threat to our atmosphere by avoiding them all together. By educating the students at PLU about the potential hazards that genetically modified food can present we can influence and encourage the right decisions to be made, the decision of vent organic and avoiding genetic modification at all costs.The controversy of golden rice is one t hat has caused much disagreement within the world of genetic modification. Golden rice is a genetically engineered grain that is being used to help fight vitamin A deficiency in the developing world, a disease that contributes to the deaths of 8 million teenage children in the world (Ronald). Although this statistic demonstrates the drastic improvement of the overall health in the most underdeveloped parts of the world, it fails to include the massive changes in the natural functioning of a plants DNA.Native genes can be mutated, deleted, permanently turned on or off and the inserted gene can become truncated, fragmented, heterogeneous with other genes, inverted or multiplied, and the GM protein it produces may have unintended characteristics (Lendman p. 2) that could compromise the health of the individual or community consuming it. Researchers have failed to imply the potential harmful effects on gut function, liver function, kidney function, the immune system, endocrine system, blood composition, allergic response and even the potential to cause pubic louse because of the mutilated DNA that is being ingested by our bodies every time we eat genetically modified foods.Researchers are so quick to glorify the one added nutrient to golden rice that they forget, or rather deal to not advertise the adverse and undesired side effects that could come from eating rice that has a complex and unnatural DNA. Yes, vitamin A deficiency is a real and prominent problem in todays underdeveloped nations, but solving the problem with genetically altered golden rice presents the risks of forming allergies, being exposed to toxins such as pesticides, and ultimately causing cancer.Instead of investing most of our resources and money into genetically modifying vitamin A into rice, we could donate it to charities that provide food to those underdeveloped countries that are impoverished and are in need of proper nutrition. Allergies seem to be more and more common in todays hos telry. I too, have been right off impacted. One of my best friends from my junior high and high school years has a deathly peanut and soybean allergy. She constantly carries around an epinephrine auto-injector, abbreviated epi-pen, that she is required to use if she comes into contact with any kind of nut.We find ourselves constantly reading labels and isolating what she can and cannot eat, a practice which is irksome and inconvenient. Her soybean allergy is not as prevalent as her peanut allergy, but it is still concerning. She had an do it of eating an ice cream popsicle, in which she took two bites and her lips started to swell with red hives. Even after conservatively analyzing the ingredient list, she still had a reaction to some kind of soybean that had been present within one of the ingredients.Soybeans are present in many foods, and 93% of the soybeans used in the U. S.are genetically modified (Genetically Modified). They are created to withstand herbicides used to kill weeds. This means that 93% of the soybeans used in food across America have the herbicides glyphosate or glufosinate within them since they are modified to resist the harmful effects that the weeds encounter when they are sprayed with a herbicide, the same herbicide that is designed to kill insects and weeds. Our bodies are not meant to ingest these harmful herbicides, so some children react adversely to soybeans that have been genetically altered. Nut allergies seem to be the most common allergy in todays communities.From 1997 to 2007, the prevalence of reported food allergy increased 18% among children under age 18 (Prevalence). This increase in food allergies seems to directly mimic the pattern of genetically modified foods rise in popularity. Is this comparison juiceless? I do not think so. PLUs ability to specifically mark the types of allergens present in each meal is very important to the rising of todays allergies that so many young adults are affected by. As of 2012 there are many outgoing court cases and FDA investigation into genetically modified foods (Genetically Modified).There is obviously a concern for the welfare of our communities and the production of genetically modified foods, and PLU should select into consideration the recent increase in food allergies in children, the push for organically grown food, the lost nutrition, and the potential for cancer development. By educating the minds of PLU students about the harmful effects genetically modified food presents to society we can promote for lives of thoughtful inquiry, service, leadership and care both for others and for our planet. These contributors all add up to one conclusion the reduction or elimination of genetically modified food in our diets.I do not want to pick up the baggage that genetically modified food carries, do you? plant life Cited Cranshaw, W. S. Bacillus Thuringiensis. Colorado State University Extension. Dec. 2008. Web. 23 Mar. 2012. http//www. ext. colostate. edu /pubs/insect/05556. html. Estabrook, Barry. Tomatoland How Modern Industrial Agriculture Destroyed Our Most Alluring Fruit. Kansas City Andrews McMeel, 2011. Print. Genetically Modified Food. 20 Mar. 2012. Web. 23 Mar. 2012. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Genetically_modified_food. Lendman, Stephen. GlobalResearch.ca Centre for Research on Globalization. GlobalResearch. ca. 22 Feb. 2008.Web. 23 Mar. 2012. http//www. globalresearch. ca/index. php? context=va. Prevalence of Food Allergies in Todays World. 23 Mar. 2012. Web. 23 Mar. 2012. http//allergicchild. com/prevalence. html. Ronald, Pamela. What If Organic Farmers linked Forces with Genetic Engineers? July 2008 35-38. Web. 19 Mar. 2012. Tomatoes. GMO Compass. 27 Nov. 2006. Web. 17 Apr. 2012. http//www. gmo- compass. org/eng/grocery_shopping/fruit_vegetables/15. genetically_modified_tomatoes. html.

Critique of an article using the Scientific Method Essay Example for Free

Critique of an article using the scientific Method EssayThe idea Politics and unlikeness in Latin America and the Caribbean is a research paper authored by Evelyne Huber, Francois Nielsen, Jenny Pribble, and John D. Stephens. This paper is a time series abbreviation of the impact that politics and policy bring or so on inequality in the scope of Latin America and the Caribbean. This research is ground on various models consisting of sociological and economic vari suitables, plus the strength of the democratic tradition, as well as the distribution of long-term legislative partisan political power and the social spending to explain inequality variations. As a probe that aims to analyze social factors and its effect on the inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean, this research was able to conform to the Scientific Method, despite some instances where in that location ar some unsupported arguments. Basing on the Scientific Method of research, well first know what these researchers wanted to find off. What do these people want to learn intimately? The researchers primary concern was to determine what factors are contributing to the inequality levels in Latin America and the Caribbean.Their sign expectations were political variables such as partisan legislative power, strength of democratic tradition, and the nature of social expenditures were the ones ab initio determining these inequality levels. An other assumption regarding this matter is that these variables have weights different from the ones in advanced red-brick/industrial societies. One of their basis for this assumption is that most advanced industrial countries have uninterrupted records of res publica as compared to that of Latin America. These countries were able to consecrate welfare states that redistribute the income.Theyre basing their assumption on foregoing records like the over altogether size of welfare states and the structure of taxation expenditures. Closely looking at this matter, we bottomland say that what these researchers wanted to find out was somehow in line with the utilise of scientific method. They came up with an inquiry which is based on forward entropy. They besides gave their hypothesis as to what they expect about their assumption. In relation to this, their assumptions were demoten as an answer to their inquiry, and that will be the basis of how theyll go about with this research.They came up with a set of data ga at that placed from previous education from other studies and published articles. One of the bases that they employ was studies which use multiple regression analyses of inequality in developing countries. They used this learning as a pattern or guide in conducting their own study. One study made by Morley is about the determinants of differences in inequality of income distribution among countries in Latin America. Here, he combined multiple regression analysis with case studies of nine countries.Because of this, he came up with variables which play an important role in his research. These variables include case income, inflation, education, economic reform indices and land distribution. These variables are essential because it can also be used for other researches like this one. Basing on the scientific method, we can say that it this research made full use of the information from previous studies. They were able to gather essential information which they could use in proving their assumptions for this study.However, they may have overused the information and relied on it too much. There is a great resemblance of their research with that of Morleys, thats why it ma have resulted to something similar. The point is, they could have altered several aspects in other researches and not just utilized everything from that one into their own. If they are expecting to find something new, then their research should be something new also. Other researches are there for additional information a nd guide, thats why they shouldnt dwell on it always.The researchers came up with different hypotheses on democracy, political parties, social spending, economic development, inflation, demography, ethnic composition, education, foreign direct investment, the informal sector, and land distribution. They were able to give arguments and related studies as to how these factors were able to affect the inequality in Latin America. However, the way they presented these factors and how they reasoned out regarding its effect on the state of inequality in the area is questionable.The scientific method should be based on facts and concrete evidences. Surely, they were able to provide related literature for most of the factors, but in some, they also tried injecting their own opinion without giving any basis for saying that. The scientific method relies on how you will be able to back up your statements by using previous studies or materials from previous researches. If you are to say somethin g without backing it up with concrete evidence, then the information you are relaying is questionable. The research be a lot of information regarding these factors.But not all of the information that they gave were verifiable by evidence, so the credibility of their statements are somewhat questionable, thus making their research somewhat weaker. The next step of the scientific method involves gathering and organizing data for the research. Here, we see that the researches devoted enough time and effort to come up with sufficient data. Their main sources of information were secondary data from various kingdoms statistics, and how it was related to that countrys social and economic situation.They utilized various analytical methods in interpreting this data, sorting it in manner where one could clearly see how it affected the inequality for the countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. In this part, they were able to stick to the scientific method of conducting a study wherein they properly gathered and sorted the data to be analyzed. As a result, they were able to come up with the necessary information which was interpreted. The results are there in order to verify and support the hypothetical claims that they made earlier on the study.This could either evince or disprove their assumptions. The next part of the scientific method is the discussion of the results before actually think the research. The results showed that the assumptions regarding the outcome of the study were strongly supported, wherein politics is really important in shaping the inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean countries. The democratic records were one of the strongest evidence for this, along with the cumulative record of the strength of left-of-center parties in the legislature, as well as the interaction of social security spending and democracy.It has left us with the conclusion that democracy is very important for inequality. This could be quantified in two ways, whi ch are 1) it allows the leaders who are concerned with the welfare of the underprivileged to let them build organizations in the form of political parties, and 2) allow those parties to establish a support base, and to gain necessary influence in the legislature and be able to use that influence to shape various policies is the direction of redistribution.The conclusion can be well associated with the scientific method, as it summarized the results and mentioned the possible implications of the research. Another problem is whether the research can easily be repeated for the purpose of verification. With all the necessary factors at hand, reproduction of this research may be hard because the political state of a country can be changed, thus affecting the variables it has previously possessed.